Geopolitics: How Maps Help Us Understand History, Predict the Future – Pt. 2, by Brian Miller
(Continued from Part 1. This concludes the article.) — Geopolitics, Social Darwinism, State Survival, and “Lebensraum” These histories serve as a simplified starting point for understanding geopolitics, and the types of influences that are embedded in the concept. With state sovereignty came the dominant understanding that a state’s purpose was that of survival. Said differently, states were seen to always be in competition with different states. In the late 19th century, Charles Darwin’s theory of natural selection was being applied by scholars to the study of societies (Social Darwinism). German geographer, Friedrich Ratzel, applied Darwin’s natural selection theory to state …