Jim’s Quote of the Day:

"I do not feel obliged to believe that the same God who has endowed us with sense, reason, and intellect has intended us to forgo their use." – Galileo Galilei



Notes From JWR:

Wow! More than 700,000 unique visits in just over a year, from all over the planet. Thanks for making SurvivalBlog such a huge success. Please keep spreading the word.

Please remember that SurvivalBlog is supported primarily by our advertisers. (See our right hand scrolling “ad bar.”) Take the time to visit each of the advertiser web sites and check out their products. If and when you do make a purchase, please patronize our paid advertisers first. (We also have a lot of affiliate advertisers, but those ads result in just a few sporadic and small “piece of the action” commissions.) And needless, to say, please mention SurvivalBlog when you contact any of our advertisers. Thanks.



Letter Re: Advice on a Combination Self Defense/Hunting Long Gun?

Mr. Rawles:
I’m a college student living in Western Washington. My budget is very tight. I am looking to purchase my first–perhaps only–long gun before the proverbial Schumer Hits The Fan. This one gun must be able to provide “sure stopping” self defense and be able to provide food. (Deer, rabbits, and maybe birds.) I presently only have about $300 to spend. What is your advice? – C.&W.

JWR Replies: For a tight budget “one gun” solution, given the short ranges that you’ll encounter in western Washington, nothing beats the versatility of a shotgun. If your budget is $300 and just one gun must provide both self defense and the ability to hunt, I would look for a used Remington Model 870 12 gauge shotgun with a 3″ chamber and screw-in choke tubes. Given the wet climate in your region, get one of the gray parkerized models (such as the inexpensive “Express” variant) for better weather protection. (Standard bluing tends to rust with daily use in wet weather. Even if you get the chance to clean and oil a gun daily, all it takes is one missed spot, and rust will start to form.)

You can always pick up a used short “riotgun” barrel at a later date for around $90. (BTW, there is also a Remington 870 Express Combo variant that comes from the factory with both bird gun and riotgun barrels.) Any extra barrels that you buy should also be both parkerized and threaded for screw-in choke tubes. Another reliable shotgun is the Mossberg 500 series. OBTW, if you were writing me from one of the Plains States, I’d recommend a .308 Winchester bolt action Scout rifle, which would be more apropos for open country.



Letter Re: 20 Pound Propane Tanks and Differing Valve Designs in the U.S.

Jim,
I have seen discarded 20 pound propane tanks discarded by the road for a couple years now. The trash guys don’t pick them up, either. (At least not in my area)
They are tossed out because they have the “old style” valve in them.
At Wallyworld [Wal-Mart], they were swapping the old tank for an up-dated one for a pretty reasonable price.
I discussed this with my local propane guy, and he said they are losing about $1.00 each doing what they are doing. Now I found out why. The local Indian reservation has gas stations, and one of them fills propane tanks, without the state taxes. They cannot fill those tanks that are coming from the big box store! Actually, it is Blue Rhino who is pulling this. I guess Wal-Mart lets them deal through them. They are putting a special valve on them now, that can only be filled by Blue Rhino. I am not sure, but I think they have a magnet deal they put on the filler neck to open the trick valve they put on, and then they can fill them. So, that is why I contacted my local propane guy. He can put a Overfill Protection Device (OPD) valve, which is the new type, for just under $15. Then I can get it filled at the reservation for $8. I think Blue Rhino gets $12 to swap tanks. So, then I have a 20 lb tank that is refillable anywhere they fill them, but if you forget and swap it to the Rhino place, you lose your ‘good’ tank, and then you are forced to deal with the Rhino, or switch the valve again. Then you just put it someplace where it is protected from the elements, and it will keep indefinitely.
I bought a kit to run my generator off the propane tanks from a place in West Virginia: http://www.propane-generators.com/ (Gee, made in the U.S.)
I haven’t installed it yet, but it looks simple enough. They have several types to choose from, and have kits for about any size/make engine. They also have a digital tachometer that is also an hour meter that is the cheapest I have seen, compared to other places. The propane is a lot safer to deal with, and stores so much better, I thought I would go this route. I have been waiting for a paycheck for a while, and it just came, so I am taking my garbage-picked tanks to the propane guy to switch the valves. He has some kind of a power wrench to change them. I guess they are REALLY tight! I think to buy a new tank outright, is almost $45, or thereabouts. – Sid, near Niagara Falls





Jim’s Quote of the Day:

"If you know the enemy and know yourself, you need not fear the result of a hundred battles. If you know yourself but not the enemy, for every victory gained you will also suffer a defeat. If you know neither the enemy nor yourself, you will succumb in every battle." – Sun Tzu, (the 6th century B.C. Chinese general) in "The Art of War"



Note from JWR:

Today we present the first article for Round 7 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The writer of the best non-fiction article will win a valuable four day “gray” transferable Front Sight course certificate. (Worth up to $1,600.) Second prize is a copy of my “Rawles Gets You Ready” preparedness course, generously donated by Jake Stafford of Arbogast Publishing. If you want a chance to win Round 7, start writing and e-mail us your article. Round 7 will end on November 30th. Remember that the articles that relate practical “how to” skills for survival will have an advantage in the judging.



What to Expect at an Appleseed Shoot, by MKH

Revolutionary War Veterans Association (RWVA) Appleseed Shoot. What in the world can that possibly be? Well if you don’t know, you need to read on. What you can learn from those “Revolutionary War Vets” could save your life! The Appleseed Program is one that is dedicated to preserving our American heritage as a Nation of Rifleman.
So what is a Rifleman? The RWVA web site tells us that “The obvious answer is that a Rifleman is an individual with a rifle and the skill and experience to use it, presumably well.” But let me tell you from experience it is oh so much more than that. I found the Appleseed program when I was researching what Main Battle Rifle (MBR) to purchase. There are plenty of opinions on which is the best one and why. I began to see that the folks that seemed to make the most reasoned arguments for any particular rifle always added that the buyer has a responsibility to learn whatever weapon they are carrying. Learn it well to be able to put it to its best use….that means training! I finally figured out that the great Boston T. Party, author of the work “Boston on Guns and Courage” seemed to endorse this fellow named Fred…..no last name just Fred, and that Fred was traveling all over the country putting on Appleseed Rifle clinics. As soon as I realized how easy, and inexpensive it was to train with Appleseed I was determined to go. Never mind that the closest one to me would be in Alabama, a nine hour one way trip, my future as a Rifleman was at stake, so I convinced my wife she needed to learn too. We loaded up the car and took off for steamy Birmingham in July.
Every Appleseed starts off with a bit of a history lesson, a reminder of why your there. Lets you know that you are about to take part in something that may be unique even among supposedly free peoples. The right to gather as free citizens, train with, and shoot small arms. Fred himself told the story of men like Isaac Davis. I don’t recall ever hearing his name before that day, but its one we should all know. Isaac Davis left his home and his sick children early on April 19,1775. He was answering the call of the muster drum as colonist gathered to meet the British forces marching on Lexington and Concord. The British marched to seize citizens, guns, powder, and shot. Isaac Davis left the relative safety and certain comfort of his home to stand with his fellow countrymen against tyranny, and the oppressions of an unjust government. Before that day was over Isaac Davis would become one of the first Americans to die for the cause of independence. I’m ashamed that I did not know his name. We also heard the story of how much better the colonist used there rifles for positive effect against the mighty British Army. We were reminded of an old and dying heritage and the importance of spreading the word and the skills to others so that this nation can always be a nation of Riflemen. Then we got to the shooting.
The measure used in building a “Rifleman” is the Army Qualification Target (AQT). On the target are printed head and torso size targets that get progressively smaller as you move down the page. At a relatively short range you can simulate firing at man size targets 100 to 400 yards away. You get forty timed shots, ten for each stage. You shoot stage one standing or offhand at the largest target. Stage two is shot sitting or kneeling, simulated 200 yards away. The targets for stage three and simulating 300 yards are fired prone, as are the last stage teeny tiny targets at the very bottom representing a 400 yard distance. Its all timed and a rifleman’s score is 210 points out of a possible 250. I was shocked to see my incredibly low score as I approached the target. According to Fred you are either a Rifleman or you are a cook! With my first AQT score I bet the cook wouldn’t even have me. I shot a dismal 87 points!
Once you find out where your at, the learning process really begins. There are six steps to firing every shot and your reminded constantly by the instructors to follow the six steps.
Number 1 Sight Alignment, you simply line up the front and rear sights.
Number 2 Sight Picture, while keeping the sights aligned you bring your sights onto the target.
Number 3 Respiratory Pause, this one took me a bit to get through my head. Once you have accomplished #1 and #2 you use the natural act of breathing to set your proper elevation. With the sights aligned and on target take in a breath, watch your sights fall. As you exhale, watch those sights rise. When the target sits atop your front sight post like a pumpkin on a fence, hold your breath, that’s the Respiratory Pause!
Number 4 (a) You focus your eye on the front sight. Let the target and your rear sight go a little fuzzy and let your eye focus only on the front sight.
4 (b) You focus your mind on keeping that sharp front sight on your target. This is the big one!
Number 5 squeeze the trigger. But do it while concentrating on #4. Your doing two things here. Keeping that front sight on your target and squeezing the trigger.
Number 6 When the shot fires you call it. Take a mental note of exactly where the front sight was the instance the hammer fell. With practice it becomes pretty easy. This gives you feedback so you can adjust the follow up shots.
Something that really surprised me was the use of the sling. I remember hearing Grandpa talk about using his to steady his shot, but he died when I was far to young to understand what he meant. The Appleseed instructors got me squared away quick. I used a hasty or expedient hold with my basic sling. Simply place your support arm through the space between the Rifle and the sling, reach way in. Get the sling up past you elbow, and above or just below your bicep. Now, bring your hand back under the sling, and then though the space between the Rifle and your sling again. Rest the rifle on your support hand. You will need to adjust things so that when you do this the sling tightens into a nice supportive triangle of sorts. In the different positions you may need to give yourself more or less slack, practice to get it right. Once I got the sling thing figured out I was a good deal more steady and I really began to see my shot groups shrink. A tighter sling is better and in any of the positions you may well have to place the gun into your shoulder with your shooting hand. Its downright uncomfortable at first but once you get the sling positioning right you should be able to hold the rifle up without any help from your shooting hand.
The first position to fire from is the standing or offhand position. Its the one I was most familiar with from hunting and my previous experiences. Offhand is the most unstable and inherently inaccurate position to fire from. Basically you fire from standing only when a quick responsive shot is required such as to a sudden attack or target of opportunity. Most are familiar with it, I found that the addition of the proper sling use made me a better shot from standing.
The next position is sitting. It was demonstrated with both elbows to the front of the knees, rifle slung up snug. Remarks where made that some military sniper types can even get their elbows all the way out and on the ground in a super solid sitting position. Well that may be true, but I’m a 35 year old fat guy and I can’t breath when I try that fancy schmancy sitting stuff. The Instructors showed me some modifications. The main point of both sitting and prone is to support the weight of the Rifle with as little muscle use as possible. You want bone to bone support so that your muscles don’t fatigue and throw off your shot. I sorta sit back on my bent right leg and put my left leg out, foot on the floor in front of me. My left support elbow goes just in front of my knee and the rifle, slung up, rests, but is not gripped by my left support hand. Its the best compromise for me. My 12 year old daughter can curl up like a pony tailed Carlos Hathcock (if you don’t know he was a highly decorated Marine Sniper in Vietnam). But I have to shoot “sitting” like one of those stiff green plastic Army men. Nonetheless I tend to shoot quite well from my modified kneeling position. My situation is what Appleseed Shoots are all about. Experienced Riflemen taught me a great way to overcome my physical limitations and still be a good shot. I have heard of guys that shoot the sitting position from their wheelchairs, the Appleseed staff will help make it work for you.
Prone is where you make your best points on the AQT. The 300 and 400 yard portions are fired in this position. The 400 yard targets are in a word small! And they give double the points of the other portions. In Prone the shooter lies on his or her belly, sling tight around the support arm as described above. Both elbows on the ground. Try and get your support arm as much under the Rifle as possible, I shoot a PTR 91 [a HK91 clone] and the magazine gets in the way. Prone is where a rifle without and external magazine like the M1 Garand really shines. We purchased 20 round mags for my daughter’s AR just so she could shoot from a better Prone position. With the 30 rounders she had been using the mag acted like a see-saw and it was destroying her accuracy. In Prone your shooting leg gets pulled up to help absorb recoil. The support leg stays straight and your support foot should lay as flat to the ground as possible so as not to profile too much to an adversary.
An Appleseed Shoot is doing all off the above over and again to build you into a better shooter. The courses of fire are just plain fun. In addition to the AQTs there are some team drills, some shoot out the star like you used to be able to do at the county fair, zeroing drills and a lot more. My wife and I shot about 300 rounds each in two days in Birmingham. When I took my daughter to a different shoot we each fired about 200 rounds in 1 and a half days. When I told a hunting buddy how much you shoot he swore that much shooting was gonna just about wear out the barrel…..some guys have more to learn than others. The things I learned about shooting where perhaps not the most important things I took away from the experience.
The fellowship with like minded folks was worth every dime it cost me to attend the shoots. The chance to meet people from all over the country who are concerned about our rights, our heritage, and our country just like I am was invaluable. As a young boy I remember our Preacher always chastising us to come to Church anytime the door was open, not just to hear the word but to see each other. To draw support and courage from each other. Appleseeds, at least both that I have attended, where like that for me. I had a chance to meet men women and children that think like I do about my country. It was a chance to be a part of a collective will bigger than myself, it was, encouraging! If you can’t make it to an Appleseed get trained somewhere! If you have any chance at all to make an Appleseed be sure you do, its worth every moment of your time. Either way be a part of re-building a nation of riflemen!
In a TEOTWAWKI situation, knowing your equipment and how best to put it to use is fundamental. Perhaps no part of preparations are more widely heralded and more misapplied than Firearms. Get trained somewhere! An Appleseed can go a long way in making you and your family much better prepared. Coming together in places like an Appleseed Shoot goes a long way towards preventing a TEOTWAWKI scenario as we build a community bathed in experience and steeped in tradition. With proper training each of your bullets can be precise and effective. Should the time ever come, an endless supply of ammo may not be available. Learn now to make every shot count. Any article that calls upon the memory of the Revolutionary War must include at least one quote from the founding fathers so here it is: “The millions of people, armed in the holy cause of liberty, and in such a country as that which we possess, are invincible by any force which our enemy can send against us.” – Patrick Henry. Good Shooting, – MKH



Odds ‘n Sods:

P.H. flagged this web page of scary stuff for us: Planning Scenarios. These are executive summaries created by the The Homeland Security Council planning group for the Department of Homeland Security, in 2004. The scenarios were developed “for use in National, Federal, State, and Local Homeland Security Preparedness Activities.”

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The bidding is still at $180 in the SurvivalBlog benefit auction for a fully tested and recently professionally calibrated U.S. government surplus Civil Defense CD V-717 fallout survey meter with remote sensing capability. The meter was donated by Ready Made Resources (one of our first and most loyal advertisers). This auction ends on October 15th. Please submit your bid via e-mail.

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Readers J.H. and S.H.both mentioned that Monday’s Wall Street Journal had a front page article about Continental Airlines. They are moving into a bunker that formerly belonged to a millionaire Texas oil man, for relocation during an emergency. The story was soon picked up by the Yahoo mail-list Coldwarcomms and Cryptome.org.





Letter Re: Questions on the Pickup Truck as a Multi-Purpose Retreat Vehicle

Hello James,
I have much to say about plow trucks, and so do many of your readers I see. I must preface the following with my history. I am born into the Ford bloodline, therefore I cannot successfully discuss alternative pickup truck durability except by that of close acquaintances.
I have been plowing for 22 years. All but the past seven years have been strictly gasoline powered F-150s, F-250s, and Ford Broncos. The only difference between the F-150 and F-250 is the weight rating for cargo.
There has not been a time, or snow condition that I have plowed in where the gasoline power plant was not adequate (in comparison to the diesel). In fact, I still favor the gasoline power plant in a snowplow vehicle. Of the F-150 series, I much prefer the longevity and quality of the 1975- 1979 F-150s/ 250s. The Pre- 1980 Broncos are excellent and offer a huge leg up on maneuverability. The extremely short wheelbase can put you in places you only dream of with a long bed, or crew cab pickup. (Just another consideration.)
Given the great financial strain on many companies during the late 70s and 80s, great expense was spared in redesigning the new Fords and Chevys resulting in a much less quality vehicle. I personally don’t think they have met the “up through 1979” durability until 1999 model year, (new series) Ford Pickup trucks came out.
Interchangeability was a great advantage with the 1972?-1979 series of Ford trucks. LTDs, Torinos, Econoline vans, Country Squire station wagons, Mustangs, Broncos (2 and 4 door sedans, and same vintage Lincoln Continentals, largely used the same power plant and transmission, (or at least the three deviations that I was aware of: The 351M, 351W, and the 400. (Ford had the 6 cylinder and 390 gas engines as well. I just do not know the interchangeability of these.) To my knowledge, the trannys were the same as well. I helped my father swap engines and transmission from an old 1970 LTD to his 1978 plow truck after his pickup truck had 18 years of major commercial property snow plowing time served. We did this in a long day with no hoist or special mechanics tools. Obviously there were items that needed “modification”, I am just not completely aware of what they all were. I think the hardest was the vacuum canister mount and possibly setting the advance.
Gas engines largely produce adequate horsepower at a greatly reduced total vehicle weight especially on the front axle in comparison to diesel variants. Think about the extra 800 to 1,200 lbs you are going to hang out a good 4 feet in front of your axle when you mount your new snowplow, and bam, you have just altered the physics of your vehicle which in turn affects how it will handle in any given circumstance. Add to that equation a good additional 1,500 to 2,500 lbs of a diesel power plant “dead” weight and you are pretty much asking for a tow truck to come pull you out if you don’t know where you are driving.
Another huge advantage to the gasoline power plant is that you don’t have the typical “gelling” troubles that diesel fuel is laden with in cold weather climates, nor do you have the additional noise of a diesel. (Presuming good quality fuel stores and in tolerance moisture levels, etc….) We are talking about snow plowing aren’t we? Gas engines are also snappy, and will rev up to much higher RPMs in forward and reverse when needed which directly adds MPs. Things to look for in a prospective plow truck, (i.e.- with a plow already mounted).
1. As a rule, most consumers do not maintain the 4WD components to their vehicles. This is a minus when considering an already set up unit.
2. Likely worn out front end suspension components
3. Most snow plow operators are under some sort of time constraint which furthers the likelihood of “abuse” to the vehicle when considering a set up unit.
4. If the plow was mounted by a non-professional, then there are likely to be bad connections to the frame, cracked/stressed members, faulty wiring and likely the wrong angle on your mold board, (the plow itself).Disadvantages to buying a vehicle, then a plow separately, (or at least having to line up installing yourself)
5. Need metal working tools, or someone to do the fitting
6. Need electrical skills and quality wiring ability
7. Finding the proper [mounting] brackets can be problematic when buying used
8. Can you find parts for the plow?
9.Was the 4WD [front differential] ever used? If not, this is not necessarily a good thing. Occasional use is good for lathering a fresh coat of oil on turning components.
It is a great advantage to find a vehicle that has not had a plow on it, (Most modern day trucks void the warranty when a plow is installed on them). You are likely to have a solid drive train, (i.e.- rear end, transfer case, differentials, hubs, etc…) when buying used if it has not been used to plow with.
Many people make the mistake of plowing or towing in high range when placing large demands on the truck. This is a no-no with a gasoline powered plow truck. As I said earlier, we plowed for 18 years with not one transfer case or transmission failure ever. You plow in low range, and you are not placing such a load on the gearing. You end up reducing the amount of shifting that the tranny has to do under load. This greatly reduces heat build up and increases life.
Things you will be wise to include in your plow truck, (either set up, or putting together).
1. Good glass, (so you don’t hit something)
2. Very good mirrors
3. Good defroster, (front and rear)
4. 12 VDC fan to blow air across your windows
5. Install a larger 100amp capacity alternator
6. Install an additional battery in parallel
7. Have extra sets of winter wiper blades behind the seat blowing snow freezes them up right now
8. Extra hydraulic hoses
9. Extra fluid
10. Extra lift and turn solenoids
11. Small roll of wire and connectors
12. Extra plow pins, (5/8” pin with cotter)
13. Can of fuel
14. Tools
15. Blankets
16. Standard cold weather Bug Out Bag (B.O.B.)
17. external oil and tranny coolers
18. Jumper cables/Battery pack
19. Reduce your electrical consumption while plowing at low RPMs. You may hit the plow controller and the truck dies from excessive drain on the batteries. (i.e.- shut off your headlights if you can see without them). Don’t shut off your vehicle while re-fueling either.
20. Floor jack or Hi-Lift jack
21. Flashing light, (during times you want to be visible)
22. Prior knowledge of the area you are to plow before it is masked in snow
23. Extra cutting edges
24. Extra marker flags
25. Bottle of air brake antifreeze. I add the antifreeze, Dextron/Mercron tranny fluid, and recommended hydraulic fluid into my pump to aid in extreme cold weather conditions. While others may be frozen up, you will still be in business. About a 1% antifreeze and 1% tranny fluid mix.
26. Insurance.
Be aware of your conditions. I have been stranded in the harshest weather at times in which I never expected to have a problem. Being prepared is simply knowing what you are doing, or figuring it out through viable sources. SurvivalBlog has been excellent for my preparedness. – The Wanderer



Letter Re: Anonymous Web Surfing Resources

Dear Jim,
Tor (“The Onion Router”) has been up and running for some time. It’s a free and highly secure system for anonymous browsing. It requires installation of free, open source software on the host machine.
Also of potential interest is the current release of Freenet, which supports a “scalable darknet:”
A freeware, open source distribution of PGP (named, appropriately, GPG).
A GPG for Windows front end.
TrueCrypt (a freeware/open source hard drive encryption/steganography program)
The Electronic Privacy Information Center (EPIC) tools page
Hushmail: secure, free web mail
Secure, free hard drive/file erasure
Disclaimer and warning: Strong cryptography isn’t legal everywhere. The United States, for example, still regards some types of cryptographic algorithms as munitions, and export is forbidden. Know your country’s laws before you proceed. Cryptography isn’t a panacea for our loss of privacy in the digital age. It is, however, a very powerful tool to put an envelope back on your mail, a lock on your computer’s “filing cabinet,” to destroy sensitive files or to send a letter without a return address – all things our parents took for granted. Learn its limits and use it wisely for your own sake and everyone else’s. Do not attempt to send threats, traffic in drugs or child pornography, plan acts of terrorism or engage in other crimes using crypto. Sooner or later, you’ll draw attention to yourself and the full weight of the law will come down, hard. You will be caught, you will be prosecuted, you will be imprisoned. Period. Regards, – Moriarty



Letter Re: Kudos for an Advertiser

Jim:
Just a note in regards to www.PrepareTV.com, one of your newest advertisers, and their superior customer service. I had an issue with my order. Markus took care of it so fast. that it made my head swim! I’m very satisfied with my experience. Good folks. They should be an asset to your site. Best Regards, – Bob C.



Odds ‘n Sods:

“Florida Guy” pointed us to a neat new shotgun variant from Mossberg for the nautical types among us.

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A SurvivalBlog reader mentioned that he sells surplus VHF portable two-way radio that operate in the Multi Use Radio Service (MURS) allocated frequencies. These radios come complete and ready to use with antenna, battery, belt clip and drop in charger for only $49 each. Yes, they have a few scratches and they’ll have a sticker that covers the original emergency service department engravings, buy hey, just $49 for a 2 Watt transceiver is a great deal. MURS frequencies and do not require a license. The model that he is presently selling is a Kenwood TK2100 VHF MURS portable. These 2 Watt radios can have much better range than most FRS which typically broadcast just 1/2 Watt.

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Cooling Down the Climate Scare.