Odds ‘n Sods:

The folks at Box o’ Truth do some tests with shotguns, with very favorable results.

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UN convention could mean restrictions on home schooling in the U.S.

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When doing a search in The Wikipedia, I stumbled across this great piece that I remembered from my army training: The Standing Orders of Rogers Rangers, along with the more complete (and more historically correct) Plan of Discipline. Some things haven’t changed since the 1700s!







Great Depression II What Will it Be Like?, by Buckshot

Because the huge debts America owes the world, once the dollar collapses the domino effect will be felt worldwide. There are plenty of sites that explain why the US Dollar will fail and what will happen. Once America starts into the hyper inflation stage it will be too late to buy your needed supplies. Trust me, there is not one Congressman or Senator that is going to tell Americans the truth. Therefore the only choice the Federal reserve will have is to print more money. Flooding the market with more printed dollars will lead to hyper inflation. There will be a point when you might want to cash in half your silver and gold stash to buy all your last minute supplies like 1000 gallons of diesel fuel, gasoline, or propane, pay off your property, buy more solar panels, whatever you need. But there will be a time not to cash in your silver and gold- when it takes a wheel barrel full of dollars to buy a loaf of bread. Once that point is reached it is time to hang on to what you have.
Once the US dollar becomes worthless all the society safety nets will be gone. No more retirement checks, no more welfare, not more Social Security, no more nothing. Americans (many for the first time in their lives) will be facing a harsh wake up call. Alan Peters’ article, “Mullah’s Threat Not Sinking In”, which appeared in FrontPageMagazine.com, offers these equally sobering thoughts about the dangers of an Iran oil-exchange:
” With economies so interdependent and interwoven, a global, not just American Depression would occur with a domino effect throwing the rest of world economies into poverty. Markets for acutely less expensive US exports would never materialize.
The result, some subject matter experts estimate, might be as many as 200 million Americans out of work and starving on the streets with nobody and nothing able to rescue or aid them, contrary to the 1930s Great Depression through soup kitchens and charitable support efforts.”
That is stark wake up call if you are reader of this blog hopefully you have taken the warning serious and are getting ready big time. See the article titled “The Final Days of the US Dollar?” by Chris Laird to really explain what is happening. Laird writes: “In such a scenario, I surmise that only paid off real assets will survive. At the inception of such a collapse, gold and other precious metals would become essentially unavailable, and off market. The USD would crash so fast that no one would take any amount of dollars for metal until either the USD stabilized at some much lower rate, or, disintegrated into oblivion. … If you own a paid off house, a paid off car, a few hundred ounces of gold and silver, they are all paid off, and are not USD assets. In these positions, you are insulated from a USD collapse, at least as far as these paid off assets are concerned.” Laird points out that there will be a point where you can’t buy Precious Metals. This is when you hang on to your last half of your Precious Metals.
No one knows when the time is but the time is getting shorter. Many of the public is getting edgy like people can feel the impending doom coming and are afraid because they have no plan. All I can say is get your stock in right now. Prices are going up everyday not just gasoline but everything.
I was talking the other day with a guy that I had just met. I mentioned that I teach wilderness survival. He said: “I know how to survive I have been hunting and fishing all my life.” I answered, “That is good, but have you ever tested it out on a weekend and only ate what you caught or shot?” “ah no, but I could it do if I had too.” We were talking about Duck hunting and I ask what was his average shots fired to birds in hand. He said on good days four ducks per box of shells. That is roughly six shots fired per duck. I said: “Tell the truth–what about bad days?” He replied: “Ah, well, sometime a box of shells per duck.” I believe the national average on ducks is 1 duck per 8 shots. That is three ducks per box of 25 shells. What is the point I am driving at? How many shotgun shells do you have stored? Using the national average to survive one year on two ducks per week: 104 ducks times 8 shots per duck you would need 832 shells or 33.3 boxes of shotguns shells. As many readers realize, two ducks a week is mostly likely one meal per week for an average family. What are you going to eat the other six days each week?
With gas unavailable how are you going to drive to your favorite hunting spot? You’d better be in your retreat. What about other bird hunting like Pheasants? The best I have every done consistently bird hunting was 50% or one bird per two shots. That was only one year the next year I did one bird per three shots. So we want two pheasants per week (104 birds per year.) Lets say that you are an excellent shot and get one bird with each two shots. So that is another 208 shotgun shells or 8 -1-/3 boxes. Just to have duck or pheasants once a week you would need 1040 shells or 41.6 boxes.
That is the difference between myself and other folks. I have live off the land and know what it takes. As a trapper, I can out-do any hunter in the world for putting pound for pound into a freezer.
I can’t remember the name of book but it was about a British couple that took off to a small island to survive for one year. They later made a movie out of it. The part that really stuck out in my head was he brought a shotgun with 1 or 2 boxes of shells and 25 fish hooks. Within the first month all the shotgun shells were used up. All the fish hooks lost to the coral and larger fish. They had 11 months left to survive. That was his plan to hunt and fish. He thought he could make it if he had to.
I read all the time about people saying put shotgun shells away and fishing hooks away. I thought I would toss in a little reality to the mix. How about deer? We eat a lot of game. With just myself and wife, we go through 4-6 deer a year plus more game and fish I add. What happens when 200 million starving Americans hit the woods? If you are in state with over one million people, don’t count on deer for too long. Do you really want to be blasting away as you hunt so people know you are out hunting for miles? Deer have very good survival traits too. They will turn nocturnal and head for deepest remote places they can find.
Most survivalists are in love with guns and believe guns are the answer to all problems. Wild dog attacks, carry a shotgun. Need meat, hunting is the answer. Raccoons in the garden, shoot them. Guns will solve many problems but they are not the answer for every problem. Ever strap a long gun on your back and do yard work in the hot summer sun? I have. That gun will be leaning on a tree in under a hour. A friend told me about a guy he met who had his perfect survival plan. He was going to carry his 12 ga. with 200 rounds of ammo, his AR-15 with 210 rounds loaded in seven magazines, and a 9 mm with 50 rounds. My friend said “Okay, load it up and lets go for a walk”. After a hundred yards with a full pack and a long gun on each shoulder the guy was huffing, puffing, sweating and said, “Lets stop, I need a rest.” You see it is easy to talk about what you’re going to do have the perfect plan, but it is not based on reality.
Most people in America are spoiled. Meaning they have lived all there lives with food everywhere. Electricity, heat, and food cut and wrapped. Very few actually have the knowledge of the woods. I was recently reading about pheasant hunting in South Dakota. The article said that a new business has emerged, cleaning the pheasants for the hunters. Yes, you read that right: a large percentage of the hunters shoot the birds and give them to the shop to clean wrap and quick freeze the birds. I have met hundreds of hunters that take their deer in for processing.
You have precious little time left to prepare. You better learn quickly how to grow garden, raise animals, and protect the animals. You will have little time to learn and understand after the fact. The stress of 90% of Americans out of work with no safety net will lead to widespread crime. Reading about the recent Argentinean collapse was a real eye opener for me. But I don’t know how much that will hold true once America goes down and domino effects are felt around the world.
I think how Americans will act can be looked up and read about in the true stories of last year hurricanes. People will assume that because YOU had the forethought to prepare that THEY are entitled to take it. I can clearly see this didn’t get out of hand because we were under an organized society, and people still worried about getting tossed in jail. Now take away the threat of going to jail in a true collapse and people will take it the next step. They will kill you and take your supplies. It will become the law of jungle and only the strong will survive. There will come a time of general breakdown of all law and order. Old feuds will be settled with a gun. Then all reason will disappear and people will get killed over little things. I believe people will hit a point that if they can’t steal your supplies they will burn you out so you can’t enjoy them either. People are very self centered and selfish. One guy once told me “If the end of the world happens, I’d shoot holes in farmers gasoline storage tanks.” I asked why? His words: “If I don’t have any gas why should he?” I replied,”If the farmer has fuel he can plant a crop to feed a lot of people. Use your head.”
The mindset will be. “If I am starving, everyone should starve. If they don’t share supplies, then kill them all so they can’t enjoy them as we suffer.” There is no reasoning with despairing people. You can’t explain to them that you saw what was coming and prepared in order for your family to survive. You will have very, very, very few friends that you can truly trust.
The first three months will be the worst, as desperate people do their own bug out. Anywhere within 200 miles of a major city over 500,000 people will be stripped bare. This general lawlessness will last 3-to-5 years. Then, once people have had enough, they will organize and clean up and form some type of working government. This is based on history of past dark ages. Once we are past this stage the rebuilding will be a great time of freedom, new inventions, less laws and restrictions– in short a great time for those who survive.
For the survivalist, you are looking at surviving that 3-5 years before some type of order can be re-established. Food for 3-5 years is a lot of storage. I asked an old timer how they preserved meat without a refrigerator. Without hesitation he replied salt. Might be a good idea to store 100-200 pounds of salt. How much ammo do you need for 3-5 years? How much heating wood/coal/propane/gas/diesel do you have stored? Water? You need a fully operation working retreat with real knowledge of what it will take to run for that time period. A good friend told me during a three week black out that people would run into town to buy gas for their generators and when they returned the generator was gone. If you have a generator you better have some type of sound proof building for it.
You’d also better have some type of light restriction, either heavy wool blankets or solid metal shutters. I don’t imagine you will see too many people traveling at night, but no sense advertising someone is home especially if they might have just walk by at night. I am sure they have already passed thousands of empty houses.
How it will all play out is anyone guess. But, to protect your family you are going to have to be in a retreat with either enough food stored or the means to gather it. How long a general population will survive without any safety net is anyone guess. I think disease will be rampant among the survivors. No food, no ammunition for their guns, wild dogs packs will roam the streets looking for the single person to take down to feed, people reduced to using clubs, cooking rats when they are lucky enough to catch one. How far they will roam is anyone’s guess. The rumors will be everywhere of places to go with food and jobs waiting.
What are you going to do in those three years? Are you going to stay holed up the whole time? What kinds of neighbors do you have? Everything you do should be to not draw attention to you or your retreat. People talk. As one survivor said on his web site, he told two people they could show up at his place – and five families showed up. It is okay, he is nice guy. Now, how many are going to show up? Do you have a plan to deal with uninvited guests? You’d better get things straight with who is showing up and what you all agree on about adding on people.
The cities will be medieval. The human predator will work out a system to survive even if it means eating other people. I am sorry to be blunt. I’m just giving the facts. The first threat you will most likely face in collapse is the local welfare drug addict type. They will come looking for free hand out or steal what you have. Some of you may have seen an e-mail going around that talks about stocking up. This is the one where Johnny comes home from school and says “Dad, what are we doing to prepare for a terrorist attack?” The Dad asks “Why?” “Well, Sally’s Mom is storing water in the pantry, Billy’s Mom is storing extra food in the basement, Becky’s Mom is storing food and extra batteries in the basement, and Tommy’s Mom is storing extra cooking fuel for their camp stove in the garage. So, Dad, what are we doing to get ready?” His Dad looked up and said that he plans to write down what and where everybody is storing their stuff. Every single person who knows about your supplies will show up at your door.
The next threat most likely will be an organized gang of 4-to-6. These will be more of a threat with maybe one guy who knows what he is doing. Probably a good time to buy the fire retardant paint for your house.You are going to need some type of fencing or steel bars steel shutters to protect your windows and doors. They may try some type of “pick you off” siege. Real camera security can be bought that lets you see in the night and monitor four places at once. They’re really not that expensive. Fire extinguishers–even five gallon buckets of sand for inside the house will work. If you survive that, the next threat will be a more organized gang of 20-to-30.
Now a larger gang takes a strong leader and, just like a dog pack, chances are there will be an Alpha male and his first lieutenant. If you can figure out who the leaders are, it is always best to target them first. Just like in The Patriot with Mel Gibson: target the officers. If you can break up their command structure they will fight among themselves for new leader, or break up and move on – which is your best hope.
The third threat will be some type of emergency regional government. They will be typical “We’re from the government and we are here to help” types, but next it will be “Hand over all your supplies, guns, fuel, and come sit in the terror dome.” A good time to retreat into the woods until they give up on the area. Sounds like you may need a back up cache of food, guns, and supplies. This won’t last long as the government can’t handle one major city disaster let alone the whole country.
The fourth threat will be some type of Warlord trying to control huge areas. They may have real military weapons, C4 plastic explosive, grenades, LAW rockets, RPGs, Mortars, etc. This type of threat you will have no choice but to retreat into the woods.
There will be other threats along the way – nothing ever can be totally forecasted. To be a survivor, you are going to have to think on your feet. You will have to have a working plan that can adapt and change as needed. After 3-to-5 years of total breakdown, some believe that the world population will stabilize around 1 billion. That means one out of seven will survive.
I read a book back in high school about a pilot who survived behind enemy lines during WWII. He was within a couple miles of a road and a village. But he lived off the land caught fish, trap, stayed out of sight. Here he was in the middle of the largest war in the history of the world, yet he survived until the allies won the war. There will be pockets of little hidden places, that may be in plain sight, overlooked where a survivor could make it.
Get ready folks. You are about to face the one of the greatest times in human history: a New Dark Age.
As a reader of SurvivalBlog, you should check the archives pick a state out of the ones listed and move. I believe in “hide in plain site.” Meaning that the more normal you can act, the better. Best to start out in a new area professing that you are a back to the land type or Mother Earth News type. People are curious and they well stop in to find out what you’re doing. Best to make friends, but keep your mouth shut. You have to remember too that people in the country are worried about outsiders either being drug addicts setting up a meth lab, or the type who want to change all the ways things are done. The second half can be worst than the drug addicted type because they want to changes laws and regulation, get roads paved, change how you can use your land, et cetera.
What type of land are you looking for? Take care of the basics first. A run down farm house is not going to draw the same attention as a brand new $250,000 house will. Security fences are great but they are also advertising you have something worth stealing. What can you do? Use you head. If you have one bison or a couple of elk you have to have a double fence with one being I think 7 or 8 feet tall. If your building new, a great system to use is Compressed Earth Blocks (CEB). Do a search on them you will be surprise how awesome they are plus it cuts your building cost down.
You want to blend into the area. Joining a local church and lets people in the community know you are here to stay. The Mother Earth News type is great cover for all your needed projects. You know it is funny how little money you need to survive in the country. A front wheel drive good gas mileage car for running around into town. Then a good 4×4 truck for around the place. You will be surprised how much you use a pickup. Hauling firewood, large purchases like freezers, washers, dryers, wood for remodeling, etc. I like the mid size pick up like the Ford Ranger. If you are getting into livestock and hauling heavy loads, then you’ll need a full size pickup. Use the car for running into town for normal everyday supplies.
Now you have to re-think how you live and shop but you can make it on $1,000 a month. I talked with a farmer friend with seven kids and they did it on $25,000 a year. So a family with two children can make it on $1,000 a month. It is tough but my point is money discipline. I have been all over the country and there are jobs everywhere, if you have a few talents. If you can roof there are jobs. If you can weld, there are jobs. If you can paint houses, there are jobs. You have to get out there. Some chickens, a pig for butchering, a garden, hunting and trapping and you can supply a lot of your food.
Switch to wood heat, propane cook stove, energy efficient lights and it doesn’t take much money each month. The problem is most women can’t take the lifestyle. Don’t get me wrong there are some really great women out there that love this lifestyle but don’t think your city born wife is going to jump on the idea. I have seen a lot of folks try it in the Upper Peninsula (“U.P.”) of Michigan most are gone after the first winter. If they stay it maybe just the guy and the wife divorces. She leaves, back for the comfort of the city. I can think of 10 couples I knew that tried it and after five years only one couple made it as a family. Pretty poor odds. But that was the U.P. of Michigan and it was rough hard life with a lot of snow. Oh, did I mention a lot of snow? 🙂
If you are going to do it don’t sugar coat it to the wife. Tell her it a whole new lifestyle is hard work. Very rewarding to grow your own food but it doesn’t happen over night. It takes work. Some women or guys can’t feed a pig everyday and then bring themselves to butcher it in the fall. You have to figure these things out. Your best chance is to get on farmstead. Start working on converting your well to photovoltaic or wind power. Get a good wood stove. It takes time to build up the soil of a garden. It also takes time to work out how to weed, how to keep the pests out, how to collect water from your gutters and save it for watering the garden.
Just like Mel Tappan said back in the 1970s: Your best chance is to live full time at your retreat. A lot of folks talk about forming a group. The biggest problem is you have too many Chiefs: Too many folks that think their money should keep them from doing the hard work, or the all talk ones that say “Sure, let’s buy a place” and then leave you holding the mortgage as they back out. You are better off doing it yourself. If someone wants to be part of it, help them find a place close to yours. There is a lot of talk out there and very little action. After years of searching, I found the people I was looking for and I will not be here when the time comes. I paid my part and do my part of the work.
Weed out the talkers, weed out the “my money is the most important” ones, weed out the “my wife will never move there” type, weed out the Rambo types. If they will work beside you digging out a root cellar no matter how much money they have, then that is type of person you want. What skills are they bringing to the group? If the wife is an RN and the husband can weld, then that is a good combo. But, each has to pull their weight. Former military guys can be great, but remember that they were trained with an elaborate re-supply system. Jim can give much better advice on forming groups. When it comes right down to it, your family and church members are your best chance.
How much time is left is anyone’s guess. The masters of smoke and mirrors are keeping us afloat far longer than I had thought possible. – Buckshot

JWR Adds: I agree with Buckshot that trapping will be the preferable method to put meat on the table in a post-collapse environment. When discussing hunting and trapping, Buckshot speaks from experience. I strongly encourage SurvivalBlog readers to get his trapping and snaring DVDs, so that they can benefit form his wisdom and many years of practical experience. He also sells a full line of traps, snares, and lure at his Buckshot’s Camp web site. Buy some traps and snares to feed your family, and an extra set to dispense as charity.



Letter Re: P-10 Self-Contained Fallout Shelter on eBay

Mr Rawles:

I got a chance to tour the P-10 self-contained fallout shelter that you have mentioned a couple of times here on your blog and wanted you to know that it is as advertised in apparently really good shape. The smart money would be on this one with a complete system checkup while it is being reinstalled. I have dealt with Ready Made Resources in the past always with good results and I think he will help anyone who wants this shelter have a positive experience with its purchase. If it were not poor timing for me this shelter would not be available because I would have closed the deal on it.
Thank you for providing this resource of information! – SC



Odds ‘n Sods:

SurvivalBlog reader Tom. H. recommended a thought-provoking letter that was recently posted at The High Road. It refers to an earlier essay: On Sheep, Sheepdogs, and Wolves, by Dave Grossman

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The Nanny-State do-gooders at the Washington Post assert that private firearms training is “under regulated”, implying that it is some sort of threat.

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NY Times: Human Flu Transfers May Exceed Reports

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SurvivalBlog reader G.G. recommended a web site with some free text files on survival topics, including several from Kurt Saxon.

 





Note From JWR:

Today we present the first article for Round 5 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The writer of the best non-fiction article will win a four day “gray” transferable Front Sight course certificate. (Worth up up to $2,000!) If you want a chance to win, start writing and e-mail us your article soon!

The high bid in the SurvivalBlog benefit auction (for a fully stocked M-17 Advanced Medical Bag/Rucksack) is now up to $250. Special thanks to the folks at Ready Made Resources, who donated the kit. Please submit your bids via e-mail.



Night Shooting Skills by Christian Souljer, May 2006

I hope and pray that none of us will ever have to use our weapons to respond to invasion of our homes, our city or our country, but if we ever do – chances are that the attack will come during the night. Therefore we have reason that we should all practice our night-time shooting skills for defense. In 2004, I was able to participate in an annual “Practical Rifle Night Match” at my local gun range. The weather was cold, dark, and at times raining lightly. This match was a two gun match (pistols also) and consisted of 4 stages with both close range and “medium” range night targets (less than 100 yards). All of the shooters I observed were using one or more of the following: iron sights with a gun mounted white flashlight, an illuminated scope, tritium night sights, or a laser & white light combination. I did not see or hear of anyone using night vision devices in this competition.
My equipment: In this match I shot a DSA built FAL carbine with a 4×12 scope (which I set on 4 power). I generally prefer a scope over other optics because I like to be able to see my target well and I often shoot at 300yds or further. I am a hunter and at times I actually hunt deer with my semi-auto .308. That scope really helps identifying my target (in that case – a deer with antlers). Since I had not previously mounted a flashlight to this gun, I manufactured a homemade mount for a two C-cell MagLite which I mounted into and below the front grips. I adjusted the mount so that the focused beam is more or less on target (aligned with my sights). This flashlight with brand new Ultra-cells worked reasonably well to light up the cardboard silhouettes out to about 75 yards. For the pistol targets I shot a ParaOrdnance .45 auto with Trijicon night sights.
Night Shooting Requirements: To shoot effectively at nighttime you must be able to do two main things, (1) see your target, and (2) obtain target acquisition with your sighting system. You also must know your weapon system well. Know how to operate it by feel – in the dark, being able to change magazines and clear jambs in the dark. In regards to seeing your target – you can shoot something you can see, but without knowing exactly what it is. CAUTION! You MUST KNOW what you are shooting at! There should be a great emphasis on identifying targets/dangers at night with your equipment. Just for examples sake, let’s suppose there is a known invasion of your part of the country by a foreign power. You see a man carrying a rifle and he is headed towards your retreat. Is it a foreign soldier bent on shooting anyone he sees armed or is it a friend who has finally hiked to your bug-out location after two months of being on foot after his G.O.O.D. vehicle was wrecked exiting the city? You must have ways of identifying friends or foes and having a bright gun mounted light is one of those. Don’t make a tragic mistake of shooting a friendly! (Note: whistle codes, code words, special routes, and flashing light/color codes are some ways to identify a friendly family or group member or a neighbor). Lastly for requirements, apply all the normal “daytime” shooting safety rules and know your backstop!
My Experience Shooting a Rifle and Pistol in the Night: I learned many things during this match which I share in the following paragraphs. One interesting stage began with close targets (about five yards) that had to be shot with your handgun before moving to the location of your rifle and taking on the longer distance rifle targets. Tritium night sites on my .45 auto worked very well for shooting at cardboard silhouettes in very low light. The drawback to tritium only is that there is no method of identifying whether the object of concern is friend or foe when in very low light. For this determination to be made a light will be required. Some of the contenders used a hand held flashlight while firing their handgun at these targets. I tried it and since I had not practiced it much I found that it was very awkward so I resorted to plan B – using my night sites only. In this case I had identified my target with the flashlight and with my eyes adjusted to the low light I was able to see the cardboard silhouettes targets with ease even past the flash of the .45 auto. Having a pistol mounted light can be very advantageous in a tactical sense although it makes the package a little bulkier.
In other stages, the targets were to be taken out by rifle and they were from 25 to 75+ yards away. Rifle scopes are great for long distance shooting and target identification but they can fog in cold damp wet weather. They have somewhat limited use by themselves in low light/night shooting. Also, the flash of the rifle can cause you to temporarily lose track of your target (although this did not seem to be as much of a problem as I thought it might be). And with a limited field of view it is easy to loose track of what’s where downrange after the medium recoil of a .308 Winchester when trying to take quick but accurate shots on multiple spaced targets. I was able to hit my targets fine but the process was much slower than in daylight.
The most advantageous method of night shooting I observed was the ability to make quick accurate shots from the hip by just pointing a flashlight /laser aiming device on the illuminated target and pulling the trigger. This was by far the fastest method to accurately shoot multiple targets in a field of fire. Of course this would take some practice to do well and an effort must be made to conserve battery life – which is short for dual mode (about 1-2 hours or so, but up to about 45 hours for laser only). This seemed to work very well with the .223 guns, and I think it may be possible to do it with a .308 caliber rifle.
In another stage, the shooter had to move towards a target that was moving at you and shoot while on the move. This is very difficult if you have not practiced it – especially through a scope. I advise any serious defender of their community to practice this skill!
In my final stage, the targets were very close and the shooter had to kneel and shoot from strange angles, around a barricade from both the right and left sides. With the targets being very close I was able to use the beam of my gun mounted light as a quick sight and was able to score decent hits very quickly even making a mag change during the process.
Match Scoring: The scores were a combination of accuracy in the shortest time. Since the regular daytime monthly matches are held on Saturdays which are a work day for me, I only get to shoot in them about 2-to-3 times per year when I take a vacation day. Many of the shooters shoot in almost every match that is scheduled. I consider myself a fairly good shooter and I usually place in the middle to slightly upper middle out of a group of about 50-60 shooters, however, in this match I placed much lower. This was because of several reasons (1) Experience – it was my first night match, (2) My lack of practice shooting through a scope at night time (slower target acquisition), (3) My gun mounted light and sight setup was far from optimal for me under these conditions. At my next opportunity, I will have a much better light and sighting system and I will have practiced my shooting skills much more in the dark of the night.
Night Shooting Equipment Options: There are a few budget minded options that can help the “poor man” to be able to shoot fairly effectively under certain darkened conditions. Glow-in-the-dark paint on iron sights is one option (this paint is commonly available at Michael’s and other craft stores, sometimes in the children’s toy/craft sections). It is very inexpensive, and can be used to mark other items that you may need to find in the dark. If you are on a very limited budget – the MagLites will be much better than no light on your weapon. Be informed that bulbs will eventually break on these lights under the shock of weapon firing, so keep numerous spare bulbs near (with) the gun. The mini-mag will probably work okay indoors with new batteries – to protect our home etc., but outdoors to be able to see and identify your target you will be much better off with something like I used for this match – the two C-cell MagLites. For the match I just used the existing on/off button switch on the C cell light and just turned it on when I was ready to check my field of fire. A pressure switch kit could be adapted to this light through the rear section, just make sure to seal it with silicone if you drill and run the switch wires through the end cap. There are commercial mini-mag light kits that change out the rear section of the light which has a pressure switch wired into it. These work well and make it easy to put a budget light on your gun. For mounting these little lights there are several commercial mounts that are simple and cheap.
As JWR’s “Patriots” novel (previously titled TEOTWAWKI ) stated, one can use a thin strip of white tape down the top of a barrel as a rough night sight. Probably more appropriate for close range shotguns, but of great value. Tritium night sites can be purchased for common guns for both the front and rear site. Again, you may be able to get a site picture on a target but be sure what that target is and that is not a friendly.
Then, for people with a hundred dollars or more in their weapon light budget, there are some quality bright lights in the 65 to 90 lumen range. Beyond that, combining a laser to your system will greatly enhance your nighttime shooting ability. For about $250 on up the M6 Laser / Light Combination by Stream light and the New TLR-2 seem to be excellent systems. The newer TLR-2 uses an LED rather than a halogen bulb so it is much less likely to fail with the shock of shooting heavy projectiles and the battery life is greatly extended. Streamlight claims they have a “no excuses warranty” on the TLR-2. There are other lighting systems out there but I mention these units because they are what I am somewhat familiar with.
Night Vision Devices (NVDs) are expensive, and NV scopes are little trickier to setup properly without damaging the imaging tube. For those who can afford it, NV scopes may be one of the best options especially for a retreat kept gun as opposed to a gun that is field carried (these units are rather heavy). If you do decide to buy a NVD start with a Generation 2 or better system. ATN is one of the good manufacturers. Remember to set up your NV scope in low light such as at dusk or darker, and while still having some minutes of useable light – use the pin hole cover to avoid letting too much light into the device which may cause damage on some units.
A small secondary tactical pocket light with a red filter can be very useful during nighttime operations. Use it if your gun jambs or malfunctions, or you need to verify ammo or even just to check a spot in your trail.
Other Night Shooting Options: If you are thinking about using tracers as an aid to verifying your point of impact (POI), then be sure that you have tested them along side your main ammo loads to know that they have the same trajectory at all distances that you are capable of shooting to.
Night Shooting Practice Options: It is not easy to find a safe place and method to practice night shooting skills. However, after thinking about it I came up with the idea that BB or Pellet pistols and rifles could be used for night practice. If a shooter was able to find an air rifle and pistol that were at least similar to his real guns and he mounted similar sighting and lighting systems to the shooter’s real guns – to their air guns, you might be able to develop some good skills in your basement, backyard or local woods in very low light that otherwise may be very difficult to practice with regular firearms. If you can find a place to shoot your firearms safely at night, that would be the best practice but aside from that – the air gun route may be your next best bet.
Lessons Learned:
It is very hard to acquire targets through a scope in the dark when moving. This is a skill that should definitely be practiced.
A scope is still a viable option for night shooting with proper target illumination
A scope’s “useable” field of view will be further minimized at night with low illumination of the target area
A white light is a must for identifying your potential target
A focused white light that is well aligned with your sights can be used as a sighting device by itself at close range (similar to a laser aiming system)
A flashlight & laser combination may provide for the fastest night-target shots
Moving around and performing various tasks in the dark is a skill unto itself. Make time to practice
Get the best night shooting equipment you can afford, then practice with it
Practice, practice, practice

As I have written before – whatever you decide to use that matches your skill level and your budget, you absolutely must get it out and test it in the field under real conditions to make sure it works. Try your setup in the dark during rain and fog as well as clear nights. Use in high and low humidity too. Try observing multiple target types and know whether you can determine friend or foe before firing. Whatever you do in the field – do it safely!



Three Letters Re: Stocking Up on Prescription Medications

Sir:
Regarding your blog entry on the subject of prescription medications, I wish to provide you with information regarding expiration dates: I work for a pharmaceutical company. While profit is a reason why expiration dates can be conservative, it is not due to “planned obsolescence.”
Here is the way things work in the U.S.: drug companies are required to put an expiration date on all drugs. Companies are required to prove to the FDA that the drugs will remain safe and effective through the expiration date on the drug (when stored as described on the label). Generating that proof is expensive, and it gets more expensive the farther the expiration date is from the date of manufacture. So the drug companies don’t want to spend money on expiration date studies (known in the industry as “stability studies”) any further in the future than is necessary, but must spend money on stability studies (at a minimum) that will avoid an expiration date that is too close to the date of manufacture (defined as expiration dates that could be reached prior to the drug being sold, or would cause customers to avoid the purchase of drugs that will soon expire).
What does that mean for consumers who want to store drugs beyond the expiration dates? There is not one answer for all drugs. Some drugs are truly ineffective or unsafe very soon after their expiration dates. Others can be almost “as good as new” for decades after the expiration dates have passed. Thanks for the great novel, and a great blog. – Mr. Pharmacopoeia

Greetings, Jim:
As a practicing pharmacist I want to reply to the questions raised re: expiration dates of RX meds. The dates placed on the label are generally one-year from the date of dispensing and do NOT reflect actual expiration in most instances. The Dept. of Defense did a study on their extensive med stockpile, many of which were expired, and concluded that many drugs were “good” for ten years. I have meds that are several years old and do not hesitate taking them. I store them in a cool, dry place, in the dark. Follow this rule of thumb. And desiccants are great! If any have strange smells, discard them.

BTW, stockpiling of RX meds is a good step. If the SHTF in our country there is only about a 3-5 day supply of meds on our shelves to dispense. If an epidemic strikes consider it about a 2-3 day supply, at best. I’m not kidding. We routinely run out of meds on a GOOD DAY. Don’t get caught behind the curve on this! Better yet, get healthy and reduce your dependence on artificial substances now while you can. – Concerned Pharmacist

 

Dear James,
Your site is “must reading” for me. I am a physician and have spent most of my career in the pharmaceutical industry. Here is my 2 cents on this topic. Most solid dose form (tablets and capsules) medicines retain sufficient potency for several years beyond their expiration dates if stored per the label directions. Some medicines may retain potency for several decades if not contaminated or subject to excess humidity. Viet Cong used antibiotics and other medications in the 1960s and 1970s that were “liberated” from the French in the 1940 and 1950s.

If there is medication that has a substantial impact on your health, such as insulin, blood sugar testing, and syringes for diabetics or anti seizure medications for epileptics, etc., talk with your doctor and pharmacist about long term supply and stability.

On the other hand aspirin breaks down quickly to a less potent pain reliever so I advise buying it in small quantities. Probably best practice for survivalists is to keep their old medicines for a rainy day, stock up on essentials in tightly closed, unopened “stock bottle” containers that have pharmaceutical desiccants placed by the manufacture, but ask a knowledgeable person if there is any specific toxicity or loss of potency with that particular medicine. Always follow any labeled handling and usage information and advice.

Other exceptions to the general rule that properly stored medications last for several years are suspensions and other liquid formulations made by the pharmacist for immediate use. For example, it is common for very young children that the pharmacist adds water and perhaps a flavoring agent to an antibiotic powder and mixes this up. This suspension is designed to be refrigerated after being mixed, and to be used within a month or even sooner. To prevent contamination do not let mouth germs enter the bottle. If the pharmacist is going to mix two or more bottles at once for a single prescription ask for only one to be mixed until the second is actually needed. Add you own clean water when needed and shake as directed.

Another exception is for any sterile liquid such as eye drops or any medicine for injection that may become contaminated and/or infected. Please read the product description. If the label says, “Solution must be clear. Do not use if cloudy, yellow or brown.” then take this to heart.

Another exception is for use of old tetracycline and related antibiotics (doxycycline and minocycline). There may be a nephrotoxicity or damage to kidneys from breakdown of old tetracyclines.

Here is some info that I took from another web site:

There are four chemical instability reactions that can potentially take place when it comes to tetracyclines. The first is conversion to anhydrotetracycline via dehydration, when stored under acidic conditions. This occurs when tetracyclines age and through improper storage, which leads to nephrotoxicity. In basic mediums, tetracycline will open its ring and form isotetracycline. In acidic solutions with a pH around 4, an inactive form will result. This occurs through epimerization of tetracycline at the 4-position from the alpha to the beta position. This was accounted for in the old tetracycline capsule with an overfill of 15%. The last reaction that can take place as described previously is phototoxicity. This is common with compounds containing a chloro-substitution at the 7-position. This leads to sunburn from free radical formation with sun exposure.

Regards, – Yorie in Pennsylvania





Letter Re: Stocking Up on Prescription Medications

Mr. Rawles:
As my family ages we seem to be getting more dependent on prescription medications which I’m sure will limit our chances of survival in many SHTF scenarios. When family members are on long term prescriptions, it seems possible to set some aside for when the normal medical infrastructure may no longer be available. (Assuming the person they were prescribed for, maintains custody of the stashed meds, there doesn’t seem to be an obvious violation of the law. When the SHTF scenario occurs, the worry about law violations would probably take a much lower priority than physical survival.)

It would be helpful if someone knowledgeable could give some guidance appropriate to long term storage. Some principles would be intuitive such as, if possible, rotate your stock so that the freshest gets stored. Avoid high temperature/high humidity, bright light storage. Information sheets that come from the pharmaceutical company or the pharmacy have suggested storage conditions but I’m pretty sure these instructions assume stable social conditions in which the meds would be used by their normal expiration dates and replacements would be available from the traditional sources.

For instance, would removing moisture with silica gel and then freezing the sealed container of pain killer or antibiotic be better in general than just storing the meds in the original container at room temperature? How reliable are expiration dates on prescriptions? (Does the pharmacist just generally put an expiration date on the bottle that is some approximation of when the potency will go down significantly or does he/she actually use the pharmaceutical company’s date from the original bulk package?) I used to go to a doctor who was famous for giving out expired drug samples. He said the date were very approximate and potency almost never increased with age. He also said the decrease in potency was very gradual and a drug that was six months past the expiration date might still be 90% of full potency.

Some of these practices I’m suggesting might be considered risky under normal conditions, but under long term SHTF conditions these meds would be priceless and well worth the risk of using them.

Are there any books or Internet sources available already for this type on information? – A.W. in Pennsylvania

JWR Replies: Regardless of how extensively you stock up, remember to store your meds in the classic “cool, dry place”, away from sunlight.

The expiry dates on both prescription nd non-prescription medicines are very conservative, for two reasons: 1.) Legal Liability, and 2.) Profit. By having early expiries, the pharmaceutical companies sell more drugs (replacing “expired” stocks), which means more profit. Perhaps some of the doctors of pharmacists that read SurvivalBlog will chime in with some realistic figures on actual shelf life. (This goes beyond my expertise. Please help me out here, ladies and gents.)

OBTW, I describe a WHO-approved titers test for antibiotics in my novel “Patriots”.



Letter From Buckshot Re: Buckshot’s Survival Attitude Versus the “Commando” Survival Attitude

Since Everyone is talking about it here goes…
David in Israel hit it perfect with his last letter. Thank you! The whole purpose of the article was to open people eyes to the fact that is a whole lot more to survival then fancy firearms. I thought people would enjoy reading about the little things it takes to survive for one year. Even in the outstanding book “Patriots” how many firefights were there? Not a whole lot. My point was if it was just me in the wilderness I would be carrying .22 Buckmark and a 30-30. Because I have carried the gun all day in the woods. I want something lightweight short, fast, and reliable. I never intend this to get into a whole gun debate. That is your personnel decision and choice.

Here is an example of what one man did with a bolt action rifle: The “Winter War” was fought in the beginning stages of WWII Stalin in Russia wanted to expand is territory to include Finland. Well the Finns are a stubborn breed. They were not about to hand over their country to some communist Government. Out numbered by incredible odds they fought Russia into a standstill and sued for peace. Part of Finland was given over to Russia so Stalin could save face. The Winter War lasted 114 days. One sniper with a 1928 bolt action Moisin Nagant 7.62x54R [with iron sights] killed more than 500 Russians. The Russians called him The White Ghost. He was given a nicer updated rifle with a scope but he hung it on the wall of his house and continued to use his old rifle. When asked why, he said he would have to lift his head too high to use the scope. He was dropping Russians from 100-to-500 meters. [With iron sights.] The point is that in the hands of the right man a bolt action rifle is devastating. If you want an America, example look up Sergeant York did in WWI against machine guns with a bolt action M1903 in .30-06. There is an old saying: “Beware the “one rifle” man.” Learn whatever rifle you own to be the best with it.

Buy whatever you feel you need, but don’t forget the Dietz lantern, the propane stoves, the kerosene, good wood stove, the water well, rechargeable batteries, the LED lights, the one year food, the boring grain grinder, the first aid kits, etc. I am serious. I don’t mean this in sarcastic way, but what are you folks in the city going to do for water? I agree most folks should Bug In. Stay home. Just make sure you are well-rounded in your whole survival approach. – Buckshot



Odds ‘n Sods:

Hitlery Clinton speaks out on Ethanol: Good message, but a dubious messenger.

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The UN wants your guns

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In an interview with Der Spiegel, Iranian President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad discusses the Holocaust, the future of the state of Israel, mistakes made by the United States in Iraq and Tehran’s nuclear dispute with the West. It is scary to see someone this wacky running a national government!

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SurvivalBlog reader Jim K. mentioned this interesting piece on substitutes food in the South during the Civil War