The Editors’ Quote of the Day:

Then all Israel gathered themselves to David unto Hebron, saying, Behold, we are thy bone and thy flesh.

And moreover in time past, even when Saul was king, thou wast he that leddest out and broughtest in Israel: and the Lord thy God said unto thee, Thou shalt feed my people Israel, and thou shalt be ruler over my people Israel.

Therefore came all the elders of Israel to the king to Hebron; and David made a covenant with them in Hebron before the Lord; and they anointed David king over Israel, according to the word of the Lord by Samuel.

And David and all Israel went to Jerusalem, which is Jebus; where the Jebusites were, the inhabitants of the land.

And the inhabitants of Jebus said to David, Thou shalt not come hither. Nevertheless David took the castle of Zion, which is the city of David.

And David said, Whosoever smiteth the Jebusites first shall be chief and captain. So Joab the son of Zeruiah went first up, and was chief.

And David dwelt in the castle; therefore they called it the city of David.

And he built the city round about, even from Millo round about: and Joab repaired the rest of the city.

So David waxed greater and greater: for the Lord of hosts was with him.” – 1 Chronicles 11:1-9 (KJV)



Preparedness Notes for Friday – February 1, 2019

February 1st is the anniversary of the secession of Texas from the United States in 1861. A State Convention considering secession opened in Austin on January 28th, 1861 and on February 1st, by a vote of 166-8, adopted an Ordinance of Secession from the United States. It’s important to note that not all Texans favored this act and the state Governor, Sam Houston, while being loyal to the union, refused offers from President Lincoln to keep him in office and was subsequently deposed as governor.

We also remember February 1st, 2003, when the Space Shuttle Columbia disintegrated over Texas and Louisiana as it reentered Earth’s atmosphere, killing all seven crew members.

Today we are both announcing the most recent writing contest prize winners, and posting a guest article by Kit Perez.



Round 80 Non-Fiction Writing Contest Winners Announced!

Round 80 of SurvivalBlog’s Non-Fiction Writing Contest has ended and the editors have picked the winners. If you are one of the top three winners, please make sure that you e-mail us your USPS and your UPS/FedEx addresses. Any article submitted, but not published in the December 2018-January 2019 timeframe have been automatically rolled over to Round 81 of the Contest. Our congratulations to the writing contest winners!

First Prize:

First Prize was awarded to K.B., M.D., for Medical Action Sheets (Part 1, Part 2, Part 3, & Part 4) which was posted December 26-29, 2018.  She will received the following prizes:

  1. A $3000 gift certificate towards a Sol-Ark Solar Generator from Veteran owned Portable Solar LLC. The only EMP Hardened Solar Generator System available to the public.
  2. A Gunsite Academy Three Day Course Certificate. This can be used for any one, two, or three day course (a $1,095 value),
  3. A course certificate from onPoint Tactical for the prize winner’s choice of three-day civilian courses, excluding those restricted for military or government teams. Three day onPoint courses normally cost $795,
  4. DRD Tactical is providing a 5.56 NATO QD Billet upper. These have hammer forged, chrome-lined barrels and a hard case, to go with your own AR lower. It will allow any standard AR-type rifle to have a quick change barrel. This can be assembled in less than one minute without the use of any tools. It also provides a compact carry capability in a hard case or in 3-day pack (an $1,100 value),
  5. Two cases of Mountain House freeze-dried assorted entrees in #10 cans, courtesy of Ready Made Resources (a $350 value),
  6. A $250 gift certificate good for any product from Sunflower Ammo,
  7. American Gunsmithing Institute (AGI) is providing a $300 certificate good towards any of their DVD training courses.

Second Prize:

Second Prize was awarded to R.M., for A Deep Well Pump Jack: Vital Part of Water System, which was posted on January 6, 2019.  He will received the following prizes:

  1. A Model 175 Series Solar Generator provided by Quantum Harvest LLC (a $439 value),
  2. A Glock form factor SIRT laser training pistol and a SIRT AR-15/M4 Laser Training Bolt, courtesy of Next Level Training, which have a combined retail value of $589,
  3. A gift certificate for any two or three-day class from Max Velocity Tactical (a $600 value),
  4. A Three-Day Deluxe Emergency Kit from Emergency Essentials (a $190 value),
  5. Two 1,000-foot spools of full mil-spec U.S.-made 750 paracord (in-stock colors only) from www.TOUGHGRID.com (a $240 value).
  6. An assortment of products along with a one hour consultation on health and wellness from Pruitt’s Tree Resin (a $265 value).

Third Prize:

Third Prize was awarded to Michelle Cooper, for Raising Chickens for Meat Part 1 and Part 2, which was posted on January 19 and 20, 2019.  She will received the following prizes:

  1. A Royal Berkey water filter, courtesy of Directive 21 (a $275 value),
  2. A large handmade clothes drying rack, a washboard, and a Homesteading for Beginners DVD, all courtesy of The Homestead Store, with a combined value of $206,
  3. Expanded sets of both washable feminine pads and liners, donated by Naturally Cozy (a $185 retail value),
  4. Two Super Survival Pack seed collections, a $150 value, courtesy of Seed for Security, LLC,
  5. Mayflower Trading is donating a $200 gift certificate for homesteading appliances.
Honorable Mention Prizes:

Five Honorable Mention prizes ($30 Amazon gift cards) have been awarded for the following articles:

Since 2005, our very generous prize donors have awarded more than $670,000 worth of prizes for this ongoing bi-monthly contest. You too can win, but only if you take the time to write about what you know. Please share your knowledge!

Round 81 ends on March 28th, so get busy writing and e-mail us your entry! Remember that there is a 1,500-word minimum, and that articles on practical “how to” skills for survival have an advantage in the judging. – JWR

 



Guest Article: Maps and Pins Won’t Save You, Part 1, by Kit Perez

Editor’s Introductory Note:  This article on Intelligence first appeared at the excellent American Partisan web site, and is re-posted with permission.  Part 2 will be posted on Saturday, February 2, 2019.

I recommend American Partisan as “must reading.” Consider bookmarking it.

Part I: Understanding Your AO

There’s a disconnect among many in the prepper community between information and intelligence. In recent years, a disturbing notion has become fashionable; namely, that in order to effectively operate in your area — whether it be due to a societal meltdown of some type or a natural disaster — you need a big map, some brightly colored pins, and a whole bunch of data. Unfortunately, it’s not actually that way, and a lot of people are deluded into thinking it is. Perhaps even more important is understanding that sometimes it’s a lot more simple than that.

This series will look at some of the things that are widely believed in the various prepper, patriot, and other communities about intelligence, terminology, and capability — when these things are even addressed at all. We’re going to talk real world scenarios, real facts, and real situational awareness. Today we’ll talk about your Area of Operations (AO).

What is Your Area?

Terms like “area of operations” and “area of influence” are often improperly defined, offering people a twisted and even overambitious view of what their own capability is. Your area of operations is not your state. If you live in Washington, it’s not the I-5 corridor or the “Northern Cascade region.” If you’re in Florida, it’s not the panhandle, and if you’re in New York City it’s not your borough. In fact, if you live in an urban area, it’s not your city at all, and may not even be as large as your neighborhood. Understanding what your actual AO is and how it fits into a bigger area is critical to understanding what you and your group are capable of affecting.

Continue reading“Guest Article: Maps and Pins Won’t Save You, Part 1, by Kit Perez”



Economics & Investing For Preppers

Here are the latest news items and commentary on current economics news, market trends, stocks, investing opportunities, and the precious metals markets. We also cover hedges, derivatives, and obscura. And it bears mention that most of these items are from the “tangibles heavy” contrarian perspective of SurvivalBlog’s Founder and Senior Editor, JWR. Today’s focus is on filling in your gun collection gaps. (See the Tangibles Investing section.)

Precious Metals:

Gold, Silver Investors: Strap In; It’s Going To Be A Bumpy Ride – LBMA 2019 Price Forecast

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From chartist Hub Moolman: A Major Silver Breakout Ahead?

Economy & Finance:

UK consumers shun credit cards as Brexit looms. Here is a quote:

“The boom in consumer borrowing across Britain has cooled to the slowest annual growth rate in four years, according to official figures, as households rein in their spending. The Bank of England said annual consumer credit growth slowed to 6.6% in December, continuing a trend for weaker levels of household borrowing on credit cards, personal loans and car finance deals.
In a reflection of the slowdown in consumer spending over the key festive shopping period, the amount borrowed last month dipped to £700m, below the average £1bn per month for the previous six months. The Bank said credit card borrowing was particularly weak, with only £100m put on plastic last month compared with an average of about £300m per month since July…”

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At Sovereign Man: Mexico is Starting to Look Like Venezuela. (Thanks to reader A.A. for the link.)

Continue reading“Economics & Investing For Preppers”



The Editors’ Quote of the Day:

“I do love a good tree. There it stands so strong and sturdy, and yet so beautiful, a very type of the best sort of man. How proudly it lifts its bare head to the winter storms, and with what a full heart it rejoices when the spring has come again! How grand its voice is, too, when it talks with the wind: a thousand aeolian harps cannot equal the beauty of the sighing of a great tree in leaf. All day it points to the sunshine and all night to the stars, and thus passionless, and yet full of life, it endures through the centuries, come storm, come shine, drawing its sustenance from the cool bosom of its mother earth, and as the slow years roll by, learning the great mysteries of growth and of decay. And so on and on through generations, outliving individuals, customs, dynasties — all save the landscape it adorns and human nature — till the appointed day when the wind wins the long battle and rejoices over a reclaimed space, or decay puts the last stroke to his fungus-fingered work. Ah, one should always think twice before one cuts down a tree!” – H. Rider Haggard, Allan Quatermain



Preparedness Notes for Thursday – January 31, 2019

On January 31, 1606, Guy Fawkes was executed for his part in the Gunpowder Plot against parliament and King James.

Also on this day in 1872, American author Pearl Zane Grey was born. He was best know for his popular adventure western novels, including Riders of the Purple Sage, which was his best-selling book.

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SurvivalBlog Writing Contest

Today we present the final entry for Round 80 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The nearly $11,000 worth of prizes for this round include:

First Prize:

  1. A $3000 gift certificate towards a Sol-Ark Solar Generator from Veteran owned Portable Solar LLC. The only EMP Hardened Solar Generator System available to the public.
  2. A Gunsite Academy Three Day Course Certificate. This can be used for any one, two, or three day course (a $1,095 value),
  3. A course certificate from onPoint Tactical for the prize winner’s choice of three-day civilian courses, excluding those restricted for military or government teams. Three day onPoint courses normally cost $795,
  4. DRD Tactical is providing a 5.56 NATO QD Billet upper. These have hammer forged, chrome-lined barrels and a hard case, to go with your own AR lower. It will allow any standard AR-type rifle to have a quick change barrel. This can be assembled in less than one minute without the use of any tools. It also provides a compact carry capability in a hard case or in 3-day pack (an $1,100 value),
  5. Two cases of Mountain House freeze-dried assorted entrees in #10 cans, courtesy of Ready Made Resources (a $350 value),
  6. A $250 gift certificate good for any product from Sunflower Ammo,
  7. American Gunsmithing Institute (AGI) is providing a $300 certificate good towards any of their DVD training courses.

Second Prize:

  1. A Model 175 Series Solar Generator provided by Quantum Harvest LLC (a $439 value),
  2. A Glock form factor SIRT laser training pistol and a SIRT AR-15/M4 Laser Training Bolt, courtesy of Next Level Training, which have a combined retail value of $589,
  3. A gift certificate for any two or three-day class from Max Velocity Tactical (a $600 value),
  4. A Three-Day Deluxe Emergency Kit from Emergency Essentials (a $190 value),
  5. Two 1,000-foot spools of full mil-spec U.S.-made 750 paracord (in-stock colors only) from www.TOUGHGRID.com (a $240 value).
  6. An assortment of products along with a one hour consultation on health and wellness from Pruitt’s Tree Resin (a $265 value).

Third Prize:

  1. A Royal Berkey water filter, courtesy of Directive 21 (a $275 value),
  2. A large handmade clothes drying rack, a washboard, and a Homesteading for Beginners DVD, all courtesy of The Homestead Store, with a combined value of $206,
  3. Expanded sets of both washable feminine pads and liners, donated by Naturally Cozy (a $185 retail value),
  4. Two Super Survival Pack seed collections, a $150 value, courtesy of Seed for Security, LLC,
  5. Mayflower Trading is donating a $200 gift certificate for homesteading appliances.

Round 80 ends on January 31st, so get busy writing and e-mail us your entry! Remember that there is a 1,500-word minimum, and that articles on practical “how to” skills for survival have an advantage in the judging.



My Mobile Alternative Energy Experiences, by Captain Steve

All of us who think about what we’d do if the Schumer Hits The Fan (SHTF) spend a lot of time exploring options. What will I do if this thing or that happens? Will I bug out or hunker down? What should I buy and place in my long term storage? I expect that like me, most who are unwilling to just sit back and hope for the best have taken plenty of steps to protect and prepare themselves for many eventualities.

Over the countless hours I’ve spent researching and planning, I’ve tried to assess and make note of where I’m lacking in my preparations. That list seems endless and often, overwhelming. But I continue to tackle those shortfalls one at a time. One area where I’ve noticed a lack of first-hand information has to do with plans for alternative energy (AE), its many and varied uses, and affordable ways and means to incorporate AE into our planning. Sure, there are plenty of reliable companies out there who are willing to take lots of your hard earned money in exchange for equipment you may, or may not, need. But what about the average family though, those of us who watch every dollar we spend? What can we do?

A Jack of All Trades

I’ve always been a hands-on guy willing to tackle just about any job. Years ago, long before “prepping” became a household term, I started researching solar power, wind power, energy storage, and how to make the best use of that power. Today, a wealth of information is readily available with Internet access and networking capabilities. You can search for just about anything with search engines like Start Page or Duck Duck Go. And I’d encourage you to research alternative energy options.

For the past 38 years, I’ve made use of 12 volt DC refrigeration, 12 volt to 120 volt inverters, energy efficient lighting, deep cycle batteries, efficient insulation, and other ways to conserve for a full-time, off-grid, low energy lifestyle. It’s a lifestyle that adapts itself to any number of SHTF scenarios. I’ve done just about every bit of the work myself; the research, purchasing, installation, and maintenance of all my equipment. You name it, I think I’ve tried it.

Continue reading“My Mobile Alternative Energy Experiences, by Captain Steve”



The Survivalist’s Odds ‘n Sods:

SurvivalBlog presents another edition of The Survivalist’s Odds ‘n Sods— a collection of news bits and pieces that are relevant to the modern survivalist and prepper from “JWR”.  Today we are pleased to report on the release of a novel One Time Pad Generator.

New AMRRON One Time Pad Generator and Printer

Alex Barron (aka The Bard of the American Redoubt) has posted a video blog review of the ADL-1 One Time Pad Field Generator and Printer. JWR’s Comments: Finally, someone has come up with a truly secure, stand-alone one time pad device with a printer! It all fits in a small waterproof Pelican-style carrying case. This development of this unit is credited to an anonymous group of Redoubters in the AMRRON radio network. I really, really like the approach of having an air-gapped stand-alone device. Beware of any OTP generator that is Internet connected. Those are an invitation to prying eyes, malicious intrusion, and untold mischief. Granted, you can get away with using a OTP generator on a USB device, attached to a laptop. But that had better be a dedicated spare laptop of yours with NO hard wire or wireless Internet connection! I was pleasantly surprised to see that the Partisan Labs ADL-1 One Time Pad Generator-Printer sells for under $160. Alex Barron also posted some operating instructions. Congrats to the guys and gals of Dark Labs and AMRRON!

Recipe for More Venezuela Chaos: Just Add Russians

Reader Gregg P. sent us this: Maduro Urges Supporters To Hit Streets As Russian “Security Contractors” Arrive In Venezuela. The included geopolitical map showing the disparity of support for the two “dueling presidents” is quite illuminating.

Strasser Evolution Multi-Barrel Rifle

SurvivalBlog’s Editor At Large Michael Z. Williamson suggested this video product review: IFC debuts the innovative Strasser Evolution rifle. That rifle has a very clever design execution. These days, with a good scope costing as much as a rifle, this approach –albeit costly up front — is actually cost effective. But it is only apropos if you need just one rifle to handle everything from varmint shooting to big game hunting and a long range counter-sniper role.

Continue reading“The Survivalist’s Odds ‘n Sods:”



The Editors’ Quote of the Day:

“[I]f we and our posterity reject religious instruction and authority, violate the rules of eternal justice, trifle with the injunctions of morality, and recklessly destroy the political constitution which holds us together, no man can tell how sudden a catastrophe may overwhelm us, that shall bury all our glory in profound obscurity.” – Daniel Webster



Preparedness Notes for Wednesday – January 30, 2019

This year’s new 2005-2018 edition of our waterproof archive USB stick has been selling rapidly. This new edition has a lot more bonus books than before, one more year of the blog posts, and it is now housed on a 16 GB stick. Last year’s was an 8 GB stick. That leaves you 7 GB of free space on the stick to store scans of your personal documents, any of your favorite reference PDFs, et cetera. When I last checked, we had already sold 700 sticks and just 300 were still available. Don’t miss out!  Order one for yourself, and perhaps a few extras to set aside as gifts for your preparedness-minded friends and relatives.

o  o  o

January 30th is the anniversary of the 1945 Great Raid on Cabanatuan Prison Camp where US Army Rangers and Filipino Guerrillas liberated Allied prisoners. The book Rescue At Los Baños, by historian and bestselling author Bruce Henderson is fascinating reading. And the movie The Great Raid is worth watching.  It was loosely based on this event.

This is also the birthday of historian Barbara Tuchman (born 1912, died February 6, 1989). She wrote some very engaging history books.

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SurvivalBlog Writing Contest

Today we present another entry for Round 80 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The nearly $11,000 worth of prizes for this round include:

First Prize:

  1. A $3000 gift certificate towards a Sol-Ark Solar Generator from Veteran owned Portable Solar LLC. The only EMP Hardened Solar Generator System available to the public.
  2. A Gunsite Academy Three Day Course Certificate. This can be used for any one, two, or three day course (a $1,095 value),
  3. A course certificate from onPoint Tactical for the prize winner’s choice of three-day civilian courses, excluding those restricted for military or government teams. Three day onPoint courses normally cost $795,
  4. DRD Tactical is providing a 5.56 NATO QD Billet upper. These have hammer forged, chrome-lined barrels and a hard case, to go with your own AR lower. It will allow any standard AR-type rifle to have a quick change barrel. This can be assembled in less than one minute without the use of any tools. It also provides a compact carry capability in a hard case or in 3-day pack (an $1,100 value),
  5. Two cases of Mountain House freeze-dried assorted entrees in #10 cans, courtesy of Ready Made Resources (a $350 value),
  6. A $250 gift certificate good for any product from Sunflower Ammo,
  7. American Gunsmithing Institute (AGI) is providing a $300 certificate good towards any of their DVD training courses.

Second Prize:

  1. A Model 175 Series Solar Generator provided by Quantum Harvest LLC (a $439 value),
  2. A Glock form factor SIRT laser training pistol and a SIRT AR-15/M4 Laser Training Bolt, courtesy of Next Level Training, which have a combined retail value of $589,
  3. A gift certificate for any two or three-day class from Max Velocity Tactical (a $600 value),
  4. A Three-Day Deluxe Emergency Kit from Emergency Essentials (a $190 value),
  5. Two 1,000-foot spools of full mil-spec U.S.-made 750 paracord (in-stock colors only) from www.TOUGHGRID.com (a $240 value).
  6. An assortment of products along with a one hour consultation on health and wellness from Pruitt’s Tree Resin (a $265 value).

Third Prize:

  1. A Royal Berkey water filter, courtesy of Directive 21 (a $275 value),
  2. A large handmade clothes drying rack, a washboard, and a Homesteading for Beginners DVD, all courtesy of The Homestead Store, with a combined value of $206,
  3. Expanded sets of both washable feminine pads and liners, donated by Naturally Cozy (a $185 retail value),
  4. Two Super Survival Pack seed collections, a $150 value, courtesy of Seed for Security, LLC,
  5. Mayflower Trading is donating a $200 gift certificate for homesteading appliances.

Round 80 ends on January 31st, so get busy writing and e-mail us your entry! Remember that there is a 1,500-word minimum, and that articles on practical “how to” skills for survival have an advantage in the judging.



I Survived an Economic Collapse – Part 2, by Siempre Listo

Editor’s Introductory Note:  Part 1 of this article on the Mexico currency devaluation was posted on Tuesday, January 29, 2019.  Today, Part 2 concludes this article.

In Part 1, I described how, while I was living and teaching in Mexico in 1982, there was a nearly 50% devaluation of the Mexican Peso, resulting in major economic hardship for the average citizen. In this installment, I would like to share a few lessons I learned from experiencing a currency devaluation –essentially an economic collapse– and how these lessons can help us prepare for a similar, or much worse collapse in the future.

I would like to start by re-visiting my Lesson #1: Rules can be broken. I thought I was safe by having my money deposited in a Mexican bank in Dollars instead of Pesos. Wrong. As I mentioned in Part 1, I was shocked to learn that in order to withdraw my dollars, according to the new rules, those dollars first had to be converted to pesos at the new exchange rate and then, I would get my Dollars. So, figuring I might as well get something instead of possibly seeing the bank closing and getting nothing, I went ahead and withdrew my money.

The Shocks Will Come in Waves

Before the Mexico currency devaluation, the exchange rate was 27 Pesos to the Dollar. After the first of two devaluations, the rate skyrocketed to 45 Pesos to the Dollar. Six months later, there was a SECOND devaluation, sending the rate to 69 pesos to the dollar. So, suppose you have $1,000 in the bank. Pre-devaluation, those dollars are equal to 27,000 Pesos. (Yes, it was common back then to carry 500 or 1,000 Peso bills around). So, in that initial devaluation, we all lost nearly 50% or our buying power, and in the later devaluation, another 20% or so. So, since rules can be, and in fact, have been broken, who do we really believe? If you have your money deposited in a bank, remember, even though you have been told your money is safe, is it really? From past experience, I would say “no.” But what about certificates of deposit (CDs) for example? So what if you can earn 2.8% interest on a six month CD? If the bank closes down, or institutes capital controls, how “safe” are you then?

Continue reading“I Survived an Economic Collapse – Part 2, by Siempre Listo”



JWR’s Recommendations of the Week:

Here are JWR’s Recommendations of the Week for various media and tools of interest to SurvivalBlog readers. This week the focus is on comfort foods for food storage. Let’s face it: TEOTWAWKI will be very stressful. So plan ahead to be able to relieve some of that stress. Have long term storage comfort foods on hand, or be ready to make comfort food recipes with the foods you grow and store. (See the Books, Instructional Videos, and Gear & Grub section.)

Books (Comfort Foods):

Keto Comfort Foods: Family Favorite Recipes Made Low-Carb and Healthy

o  o  o

The Old Farmer’s Almanac Comfort Food: Every dish you love, every recipe you want

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Paleo Comfort Foods: Homestyle Cooking for a Gluten-Free Kitchen

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Weight Watchers Cook Up Comfort 160 Recipes from Chef Eric Greenspan

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Reader Jim L. suggested the novel End Game, by David Baldacci.  It is part of his Will Robie series. It is noteworthy that Baldacci is known for weaving some useful tradecraft into his fictional storylines.

 

Movies & Television:

I recently watched the 8-episode Impossible Peace documentary series. This series describes the period between WWI and WWII. It is available for free streaming for those with Amazon Prime. This was produced in England so it has a noticeable Fabian Socialist slanted viewpoint. And many of the historians/commentators are enthusiastic apologists for both Franklin Delano Roosevelt and the failed League of Nations. But it is fascinating, nonetheless.

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Jesus Film in 24 Languages

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The Waltons: The Complete Seasons 1-4

Continue reading“JWR’s Recommendations of the Week:”



Economics & Investing For Preppers

Here are the latest news items and commentary on current economics news, market trends, stocks, investing opportunities, and the precious metals markets. We also cover hedges, derivatives, and obscura. And it bears mention that most of these items are from the “tangibles heavy” contrarian perspective of SurvivalBlog’s Founder and Senior Editor, JWR. Today’s focus is on declining value investments to avoid. (See the Tangibles Investing section.)

Precious Metals:

Global Silver Production May Decline More Than Analysts Forecasts. (A hat tip to H.L. for the link.)

o o o

Gold Traders Bullish For 11th Straight Week

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If You Understand Gold – You Are Not A Goldbug (Egon von Greyerz)  Thanks to H.L. for the link.

 

Economy & Finance:

At Seeking Alpha: ‘Within Weeks’ Fannie/Freddie Recapitalization Plan Transcript Emerge

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Some analysis from France: Does the corporate debt mountain pose an avalanche risk?

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And another at Seeking Alpha: IMF cuts global growth outlook

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NYC Restaurants Slash Staff over $15 Minimum Wage

Continue reading“Economics & Investing For Preppers”