(Continued from Part 1. This concludes the article.)
Rocky Mountain spotted fever (RMSF) and Lyme disease are two bacterial tick-borne infections of particular concern. The ticks that transmit both of these diseases are found all over the United States. The CDC states that RMSF is most common in Arizona, Missouri, Oklahoma, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina. After the three- to twelve-day incubation period, the early signs (days 1-4) of RMSF include a high fever, severe headache, gastrointestinal symptoms (nausea, vomiting, anorexia), and edema around the eyes and on the back of the hands. Two to five days after symptoms begin, the rash associated with RMSF first appears. This rash is diagnostic, but not essential. In other words, the small, flat, pink, non-itchy spots that first appear on the wrists, forearms, and ankles do not occur with other illnesses. This rash sometimes spreads to the trunk, palms of the hands, and soles of the feet, but keep in mind that 10% of patients never develop this rash. When the rash color turns from red to purple, it signals severe progression of the disease. Treatment should have begun long ago. Subsequently appearing are altered mental status, cerebral edema, pulmonary edema and respiratory distress, necrosis (tissue death requiring amputation), and kidney failure. If there is any suspicion of RMSF, begin treatment immediately. Delay may be fatal.
The CDC also indicates that Lyme disease occurs primarily in the New England states. However, there are numerous anecdotal reports of high numbers of people contracting Lyme disease in Utah and Idaho as well. Diagnosis of Lyme disease is difficult because the symptoms are similar to many other illnesses—rashes, headaches, and muscle and joint aches. An incubation period lasting up to thirty days only complicates matters. While recalling a tick bite would facilitate diagnosis, over 60% of patients don’t remember being bitten. The classic early sign is the characteristic bullseye rash around the site of the bite. Other early common signs are meningitis or inflammation of the heart muscle. Unfortunately, these won’t be easily identified outside a hospital setting. Symptoms of severe arthritis involving multiple joints and chronic meningitis—headaches, problems in thinking clearly, and sleepiness—appear later.
Continue reading“Post-TEOTWAWKI Pest Control – Part 2, by J.S.R.”