Odds ‘n Sods:

TSA blunder hits travelers at U.S. airports – D.S.

o o o

Obama Orders That America Take In 70,000 Islamic “Refugees,” But Now John Kerry Says That The Number Will Be Up To 100,000 Muslims. Be Prepared For ISIS Massacres To Happen In The US Soon – B.B.

o o o

Bill Whittle – An Illegal Immigrant Catastrophe… In Europe? ISIS Refugees! – MtH

o o o

Video Shows Cops Tell K9 “Good Boy” as they Let Him Maul a Handcuffed Man – RBS

o o o

Traditional Family ? The CEO Of Starbucks DOESN’T WANT YOUR MONEY – T.P.



Hugh’s Quote of the Day:

“It’s not an endlessly expanding list of rights – the “right” to education, the “right” to health care, the “right” to food and housing. That’s not freedom, that’s dependency. Those aren’t rights, those are the rations of slavery – hay and a barn for human cattle.” – P.J. O’Rourke



Notes for Thursday – September 10, 2015

On September 10, 1776, George Washington asked for a spy volunteer. Nathan Hale stepped up to the challenge of an intelligence-gathering mission in New York City. Unfortunately, the British captured and executed him. He is probably best known for his last words before being hanged: “I only regret that I have but one life to give for my country.” He has long been considered an American hero, and in 1985, was officially designated the state hero of Connecticut. It is good for us to remember that every American patriot and hero from the times leading up to and during the American Revolutionary War would have been considered traitors to the crown and would have suffered much the same fate as Hale had America not won her independence.

o o o

Today, we present another entry for Round 60 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The $10,000 worth of prizes for this round include:

First Prize:

  1. A Gunsite Academy Three Day Course Certificate, good for any one, two, or three day course (a $1,195 value),
  2. A course certificate from onPoint Tactical. This certificate will be for the prize winner’s choice of three-day civilian courses. (Excluding those restricted for military or government teams.) Three day onPoint courses normally cost $795,
  3. DRD Tactical is providing a 5.56 NATO QD Billet upper with a hammer forged, chromlined barrel and a hard case to go with your own AR lower. It will allow any standard AR type rifle to have quick change barrel, which can be assembled in less than one minute without the use of any tools, and a compact carry capability in a hard case or 3-day pack (an $1,100 value),
  4. Gun Mag Warehouse is providing 20 Magpul pmags 30rd Magazines (a value of $300) and a Gun Mag Warehouse T-Shirt. (An equivalent prize will be awarded for residents in states with magazine restrictions.),
  5. Two cases of Mountain House freeze dried assorted entrees in #10 cans, courtesy of Ready Made Resources (a $350 value),
  6. A Model 120 Series Solar Generator provided by Quantum Harvest LLC (a $340 value),
  7. A $250 gift certificate from Sunflower Ammo,
  8. KellyKettleUSA.com is donating both an AquaBrick water filtration kit and a Stainless Medium Scout Kelly Kettle Complete Kit with a combined retail value of $304,
  9. TexasgiBrass.com is providing a $300 gift certificate, and
  10. Two cases of meals, Ready to Eat (MREs), courtesy of CampingSurvival.com (a $180 value).

Second Prize:

  1. A Glock form factor SIRT laser training pistol and a SIRT AR-15/M4 Laser Training Bolt, courtesy of Next Level Training, which have a combined retail value of $589,
  2. A FloJak EarthStraw “Code Red” 100-foot well pump system (a $500 value), courtesy of FloJak.com,
  3. The Ark Institute is donating a non-GMO, non-hybrid vegetable seed package–enough for two families of four, seed storage materials, a CD-ROM of Geri Guidetti’s book “Build Your Ark! How to Prepare for Self Reliance in Uncertain Times”, and two bottles of Potassium Iodate– a $325 retail value,
  4. A $300 gift certificate from Freeze Dry Guy,
  5. A $250 gift card from Emergency Essentials,
  6. Twenty Five books, of the winners choice, of any books published by PrepperPress.com (a $270 value),
  7. A pre-selected assortment of military surplus gear from CJL Enterprize (a $300 value),
  8. TexasgiBrass.com is providing a $150 gift certificate,
  9. RepackBox is providing a $300 gift certificate to their site, and
  10. Safecastle is providing a package of 10 Lifestraws (a $200 value).

Third Prize:

  1. A Royal Berkey water filter, courtesy of Directive 21 (a $275 value),
  2. A large handmade clothes drying rack, a washboard, and a Homesteading for Beginners DVD, all courtesy of The Homestead Store, with a combined value of $206,
  3. Expanded sets of both washable feminine pads and liners, donated by Naturally Cozy (a $185 retail value),
  4. Two Super Survival Pack seed collections, a $150 value, courtesy of Seed for Security, LLC,
  5. Mayflower Trading is donating a $200 gift certificate for homesteading appliances,
  6. APEX Gun Parts is donating a $250 purchase credit,
  7. Montie Gear is donating a Precision Rest (a $249 value), and
  8. Two 1,000-foot spools of full mil-spec U.S.-made 750 paracord (in-stock colors only) from www.TOUGHGRID.com (a $240 value).

Round 60 ends on September 30th, so get busy writing and e-mail us your entry. Remember that there is a 1,500-word minimum, and that articles on practical “how to” skills for survival have an advantage in the judging.



The Thorough Planning and Orders Process- Part 2, By J.E.D.

2. Arrange for Reconnaissance: The best way to describe this portion is with a story. Let’s say you’re looking to buy a new house with some property. This new place is going to be your retreat, so you really want to make sure it’s going to be the right place for you and your family. You found a place you really like by looking on the internet, but it’s on the other end of the state from you. So, the first thing you do is find the address to the property. Then you’ll probably MapQuest or Google map it, and get directions and time to it. Next, the real estate agent or homeowner is contacted, and a time and date is set for a meeting. You make sure your spouse/significant other and other possible family members or friends involved can meet on that same date and time. You have now just arranged for reconnaissance. It is that simple.

3. Make Reconnaissance: Now it’s time to go look at that awesome house you want. Everyone piles into the minivan, but before you get on the highway you need to stop at the gas station and fill up. While there you get some drinks and snacks and double check your map/directions to the place. Once in the closest town to your new retreat, you start to pay attention to things like the people, what stores are there, condition of the roads, et cetera. You arrive at the house and take a look around. You inspect everything to the best of your ability. On your way back home, you and everyone else will be discussing what you saw and observed. Now plans might change, due to you actually having boots on ground and seeing things for yourself, along with input from your trusted friends and family. The whole goal here is to see things for yourself and not rely on maps, pictures, and hearsay alone. Anytime you can physically be in a location and observe it for yourself, the better the information will be.

You are going to either confirm or reject your previous ideas and information after actually having eyes on what you needed to see. Remember the acronyms METT-T, SALUTE, DRAW-D, EMPCOA, and KOCOA-W; that’s the information you need to answer or confirm. Although those are just the basics, the more information the better.

4. Complete the Plan: It’s time to make a final decision on how you will accomplish your mission. You have already thought of a few ways of going about it. One of the ways that you thought was the best idea, you now realize is impractical, after completing your reconnaissance. After rejecting the first idea, you choose the second best idea you had and carry on with that. Using all the information you had, you filled in the blanks. Then, after completing a reconnaissance, you confirmed that info and answered all the questions you may have had. So now, we have to put it all together into something that is easy for everyone to understand. In comes the operation order.

5. Issue the Order: An operation order can be half a page to a few hundred pages long, depending on the size and complexity of the mission. There is a lot of information being given out to your team, and it must be clear, concise, and easy to understand. Notice I repeated myself there. The whole purpose of an operation order is to provide specific instructions and give direction to your team. It should also convert your plan into action. Although the operation order is written on paper initially and can be read by your team and understood, it was designed to be explained orally using a terrain model or map. Below is an outline of the operation order; following the outline will be a complete breakdown of what it means and how to use it. An easy way to remember what goes into an operation order is use the acronym OSMEAC.

  • Orientation.
    • Terrain Model or Map.
    • Weather.
  • Situation.
    • Enemy Situation.
      • SALUTE.
      • DRAW-D.
      • EMPCOA.
    • Friendly Situation.
      • Higher Units.
      • Adjacent Units.
      • Supporting Units.
    • Attachments and Detachments.
  • Mission.
    • Who.
    • What.
    • When.
    • Where.
    • Why.
  • Execution.
    • Commander’s Intent.
    • Concept of Operations.
    • Tasks.
    • Coordinating Instructions.
  • Administration and Logistics.
    • Beans.
    • Bullets.
    • Band-Aids.
    • Bad guys.
    • Batteries.
  • Command and Signal.
    • Command.
    • Signal.

Let’s start breaking this thing down.

  • Orientation: Prior to issuing the order, you want to orient your team to your area of operations (AO). We are not going to discuss the details of the order here. We just want to make sure everyone knows where north is, and any key land features.
    • Terrain Model or Map: When possible, always use a terrain model instead of a map. I am not going to explain what a terrain model is in this article, as it could be an article by itself. Perform an online search for “military terrain model”. I have seen quite a few good examples online. When building terrain models, it helps to have a “terrain model kit”. A usual kit consists of an ammo can as a container, different colored yarn for the grid system, roads, rivers, and routes, green army ***AMAZON?men for friendly and enemy positions, small toy cars, green foyarn for the grid system, roads, rivers, routes, green army men for friendly and enemy positions, small toy cars, green foam floral blocks for buildings, 3×5 index cards to marks grid lines and individual units, and a black marker. By building a large terrain model, you should be able to walk around inside of it. It will be more efficient and much easier to guide your team through the plan, instead of standing on the sidelines and droning on about your strategy. With a large terrain model, your team will be able to see each key land feature and understand the plan in detail. Large terrain models provide much more detail of land features than maps do, and will help those who do not know how to read a topographic map. Another option is to use a sand table. Imagine a foosball table with no handles and it filled with sand. It is the same concept as a terrain model but can be used indoors or undercover, where bare earth is not available. When you are done briefing your operations order, make sure to remove all traces of your terrain model or sand table. Remove any non-organic material, then smooth it over so no one can tell what was there. If using a map, make sure to use good quality topographic maps that are overlaid in military grid reference system grids (MGRS). MGRS maps are much easier to use than traditional latitude and longitude maps. It takes less time to plot points, measure distance, gain your bearing, and is easier to learn. There are online map-making businesses that can print out a MGRS topographic map of the area you want. Although having MGRS topographic maps are nice to work with, don’t underestimate the use of Google Earth, County appraiser’s maps, street maps, and old fashioned hand drawn maps. Avoid making permanent marks on your map that show locations and other sensitive information.
    • Weather: Remember the five military aspects of weather? They’re temperature and humidity, precipitation, wind, clouds, and visibility. All of those aspects are going into the brief; let them know what the weather is and is supposed to be like during the operation. Also, add in sunrise and sunset, so they know what they will be doing in daylight and dark. Weather is particularly important to certain groups of people, like snipers and pilots.
  • Situation: The situation paragraph contains information on the overall status and disposition of both friendly and enemy forces.
    • Enemy Situation: We are going to use the information gathered in the “Enemy” portion of METT-T to paint a picture of the enemy we are up against. You need to brief your team on the following.
      • SALUTE: Again we are talking about the enemy’s size, activity, location, unit, time, and equipment. Use it to focus your thinking on identifying and locating enemy weaknesses.
      • DRAW-D: Defend, reinforce, attack, withdraw, and delay. What do you believe the enemy is going to do?
      • EMPCOA: Enemy’s most probable course of action. Here you will put it all together into a brief statement and explain what the enemy’s most probable course of action will be.
    • Friendly Situation: This subparagraph contains mission information of the next higher unit, adjacent units, and supporting units. The information can be remembered with the acronym HAS-A.
      • Higher Units: Here you will brief your next higher unit’s mission and location. Higher units are those that your unit falls under its command.
      • Adjacent Units: You want to give brief mission statements and locations of adjacent units who will be operating in your vicinity.
      • Supporting Units: If you have any non-organic units that will be supporting the mission in any capacity, explain their missions and locations.
      • Attachments and Detachments: If you are losing part of your unit (a detachment) or gaining part of another non-organic unit (an attachment), explain that here. Be sure to include the effective time of attachment or detachment. If possible, ensure any attached personnel are present during the operation order brief.
  • Mission: Provides a clear and concise statement of what the unit must accomplish. Think about covering “who, what, when, where, and why”. The “how” will come in the next paragraph.
  • Execution: As promised, this is where the “how” comes in. In this paragraph, you will explain how you want the mission accomplished and how all the moving parts will work. This paragraph is made up of four subparagraphs– Commander’s Intent, Concept of Operations, Tasks, and Coordinating Instructions.
    • Commander’s Intent: This is your mission statement and concept of operations together. If all goes to hell and some moving parts fail, the rest can go on and accomplish the mission with just an understanding of your intent.
    • Concept of Operations: This is made up of two subparagraphs that include the Scheme of Maneuver and Fire Support Plan.
      • Scheme of Maneuver: This is your overall plan from start to finish, and it is also the first of two times you will brief the plan. Under scheme of maneuver, you will brief your plan to everyone “anonymously”. Do not name an individual or unit specifically during this brief. For example, instead of saying, “Team 2 you will support team 1”, you say “The support team will be supporting the assault team during this phase”. The tendency is for people to pay attention to only their portion of the plan and not listen to other portions, which are just as important. Make sure to brief in logical order, starting at the beginning and working your way to the end of the mission.
      • Fire Support Plan: Here, you will describe how fire support will supplement the units involved in the mission. If you do not have fire support, then do not worry about this portion. Fire support could include artillery, mortars, medium, and heavy machine guns, or air strikes.
    • Tasks: Now you can explain each specific task to be accomplished by specific individuals or units. When composing this portion of the order, be sure to list each unit’s task in a separate numbered subparagraph. Remember, task statements are your subordinate’s mission statement, so you need to include who, what, when, where, and why in each. Go through and explain the entire mission again, stating who is doing what, when, where, and how they should be doing it.
    • Coordinating Instructions: Specific instructions and tasks that pertain to two or more units in the command. Some items commonly addressed here are order of movement, planned formations, phase lines, check points, route to objective, security, main effort, and time of attack.
  • Administration and Logistics: This paragraph contains information and instructions pertaining to the “5 B’s”– Beans, Bullets, Band-Aids, Bad guys, and Batteries. We generally break this down into two subparagraphs.
    • Administration:
      • Medical evacuation plan.
      • Location of medics and aid stations.
      • Prisoner of war handling procedures and evacuation plan.
        • 5 S’s and a T (acronym for handling prisoners)
          • Search (The prisoner for weapons and intelligence).
          • Silence (Do not let them communicate, until interviewed).
          • Segregate (Leaders from subordinates).
          • Safeguard (Their safety is your responsibility now).
          • Speed (Out of areas of danger).
          • Tag (Notate prisoner and gear, for investigation purposes).
    • Logistics:
      • Initial issue and resupply plan (water, food, ammo)
      • Power supplies (batteries and other power issues)
      • Transportation
  • Command and Signal: This paragraph contains information and instructions relating to command and communication functions. It has two subparagraphs.
    • Command: Identifies the chain of command, key leaders, and where they will be located before, during, and after the operation.
    • Signal: Gives signal instructions for the operation, such as radio frequencies, call signs, pyrotechnics, emergency signals, radio procedures, brevity codes, challenge, and passwords. Also consider restrictions on the use of communications.

6. Supervise: A very wise man once told me “Inspect what you expect”. You must supervise your team and ensure they are doing what needs to be done correctly. Do not expect that it will be done your way without your inspection. Supervision is continuous and occurs throughout the preparation phase and during the mission. As a leader, you are responsible and accountable for the mission.

Using BAMCIS and the operation order will make life much easier for you in most of life’s situations. Obviously, these processes were designed and are used for combative purposes, but we can adapt them to our everyday life. Some of you do so already without even realizing it; I know I do. Below is an entire outline of BAMCIS and the operations order in one complete unit that you can use this as a reference to plan and write your own orders.

  • Begin the Planning.
    • Mission.
    • Enemy.
      • SALUTE.
      • DRAW-D.
      • EMPCOA.
    • Terrain and Weather.
      • KOCOA-W.
    • Troops and Support Available.
    • Time.
  • Arrange for Reconnaissance.
  • Make Reconnaissance.
  • Complete the Plan.
  • Issue the Order.
    • Orientation.
      • Terrain Model or Map.
      • Weather.
    • Situation.
      • Enemy Situation (culmination of intelligence gathered).
        • SALUTE.
        • DRAW-D.
        • EMPCOA (action enemy will likely do upon contact).
      • Friendly Situation (limit info to only that needed to know to accomplish mission).
        • Higher Unit (mission of next higher unit).
        • Adjacent Unit (mission and location of units around you).
        • Supporting Unit.
        • Attachments and Detachments.
    • Mission (clear, concise statement of the mission. Expresses primary task and purpose).
      • Who (unit).
      • What (task).
      • When (time).
      • Where (location).
      • Why (purpose).
    • Execution (contains how-to guide on conducting the mission)
      • Commander’s Intent.
      • Concept of Operations.
        • Scheme of Maneuver
        • Fire Support Plan Tasks.
      • Coordinating Instructions.
    • Administration and Logistics.
      • Beans.
      • Bullets.
      • Band-Aids.
      • Bad guys.
        • Search.
        • Silence.
        • Segregate.
        • Safeguard.
        • Speed.
        • Tag.
      • Batteries.
    • Command and Signal.
      • Command.
      • Signal.
  • Supervise.

I hope this becomes a handy tool for everyone and was easy to understand. Mr. Murphy has a way of infiltrating every operation, no matter the size, but with the Operations Order there should be a solid plan in place with everyone on your team all on the same page. Your team will have a greater understanding of the who, what, when, where, why, and how. Then when Mr. Murphy graces you with his appearance, you and your team are able to adapt and complete the mission.



Letter Re: Progressive Presses

HJL,

Regarding your answer on progressive presses; not to start a Red vs. Green vs. Blue war (this is a reference to the colors of different brands of reloading presses), but there are some other considerations to take into account. Here’s a link to a paper that compares three popular progressive presses.

I was considering purchasing the Hornady LNL AP but decided to go with another option. I upgraded from a single stage press to the Lee Precision Classic Turret Press. It’s a compromise between a single stage and a true progressive press. You have to pull the handle four times to make a completed round of ammunition, compared to a single pull on a progressive. In reality, it’s theoretical rate of production is about half that of a progressive press. However, its simpler design translates into higher reliability.

HJL responds: While purchase price is significant on something like this, there were other concerns that I weighed as well. I have used Dillon presses for 30 years and have watched their warranty polices change the market. I do have some brand loyalty there. While other manufacturers are now offering much of the same warranty that Dillon does, it wasn’t always that way. With that said, I am well aware of many of the presses short comings that are listed in the article that you reference. I have owned all of the Dillon lineup except the Square Deal B. I eventually sold the RL1050 because it was too expensive and too difficult for caliber changes. I would consider that one a specialty press that can be set up for large runs of one caliber. I sold my original RL550 but purchased another after I sold the 1050 because caliber changes on it are a piece of cake– easier than any other progressive I have used. I use my XL650 for largish runs of a caliber, but most of my load development is done on the RL550 because it can be used in the same fashion as a single stage or a turret press.

All of the deficiencies mentioned in the article comparing presses have been addressed by third parties, and some of them are pretty ingenious:

While many of the press enhancements require a considerable outlay of cash, many can be done with a little elbow grease like polishing the powder funnel. Also, while many of these improvements are specific to Dillon, some are also available for other presses as well. A simple Internet search on press enhancements yields a plethora of data. In the end, a progressive press is one of the most expensive investments that a person reloading their own ammo will make. Like the author of your letter suggests, you get what you pay for.





Odds ‘n Sods:

Video: Clear and Simple – What you already knew – 3 min. – W.W.

o o o

Shock Video: Man High on PCP Tasered Twice, Hit With a Baton and Pepper Sprayed – D.S.
This is what you may be faced with WTSHTF. Are you prepared to deal with it?

o o o

Wranglerstar: Who Builds The Best Splitting Axe? You’ll Be Surprised – He doesn’t actually get to the contest in this part one, but it has an excellent video part about sharpening your chain’s saw blade when it needs it.

o o o

U.S. railroads warn of system disruptions over safety deadline – G.P.

o o o

DEA Report Shows Infiltration of Mexican Drug Cartels in Major US Cities – G.P.



Hugh’s Quote of the Day:

“Freedom is essentially a condition of inequality, not equality. It recognizes as a fact of nature the structural differences inherent in man – in temperament, character, and capacity – and it respects those differences. We are not alike and no law can make us so.” – Frank Chodorov



Notes for Wednesday – September 09, 2015

On September 9, 1492, Columbus’ fleet set sail west. The rest, you know as history, or is that revisionist history.

o o o

Today, we present another entry for Round 60 of the SurvivalBlog non-fiction writing contest. The $10,000 worth of prizes for this round include:

First Prize:

  1. A Gunsite Academy Three Day Course Certificate, good for any one, two, or three day course (a $1,195 value),
  2. A course certificate from onPoint Tactical. This certificate will be for the prize winner’s choice of three-day civilian courses. (Excluding those restricted for military or government teams.) Three day onPoint courses normally cost $795,
  3. DRD Tactical is providing a 5.56 NATO QD Billet upper with a hammer forged, chromlined barrel and a hard case to go with your own AR lower. It will allow any standard AR type rifle to have quick change barrel, which can be assembled in less than one minute without the use of any tools, and a compact carry capability in a hard case or 3-day pack (an $1,100 value),
  4. Gun Mag Warehouse is providing 20 Magpul pmags 30rd Magazines (a value of $300) and a Gun Mag Warehouse T-Shirt. (An equivalent prize will be awarded for residents in states with magazine restrictions.),
  5. Two cases of Mountain House freeze dried assorted entrees in #10 cans, courtesy of Ready Made Resources (a $350 value),
  6. A Model 120 Series Solar Generator provided by Quantum Harvest LLC (a $340 value),
  7. A $250 gift certificate from Sunflower Ammo,
  8. KellyKettleUSA.com is donating both an AquaBrick water filtration kit and a Stainless Medium Scout Kelly Kettle Complete Kit with a combined retail value of $304,
  9. TexasgiBrass.com is providing a $300 gift certificate, and
  10. Two cases of meals, Ready to Eat (MREs), courtesy of CampingSurvival.com (a $180 value).

Second Prize:

  1. A Glock form factor SIRT laser training pistol and a SIRT AR-15/M4 Laser Training Bolt, courtesy of Next Level Training, which have a combined retail value of $589,
  2. A FloJak EarthStraw “Code Red” 100-foot well pump system (a $500 value), courtesy of FloJak.com,
  3. The Ark Institute is donating a non-GMO, non-hybrid vegetable seed package–enough for two families of four, seed storage materials, a CD-ROM of Geri Guidetti’s book “Build Your Ark! How to Prepare for Self Reliance in Uncertain Times”, and two bottles of Potassium Iodate– a $325 retail value,
  4. A $300 gift certificate from Freeze Dry Guy,
  5. A $250 gift card from Emergency Essentials,
  6. Twenty Five books, of the winners choice, of any books published by PrepperPress.com (a $270 value),
  7. A pre-selected assortment of military surplus gear from CJL Enterprize (a $300 value),
  8. TexasgiBrass.com is providing a $150 gift certificate,
  9. RepackBox is providing a $300 gift certificate to their site, and
  10. Safecastle is providing a package of 10 Lifestraws (a $200 value).

Third Prize:

  1. A Royal Berkey water filter, courtesy of Directive 21 (a $275 value),
  2. A large handmade clothes drying rack, a washboard, and a Homesteading for Beginners DVD, all courtesy of The Homestead Store, with a combined value of $206,
  3. Expanded sets of both washable feminine pads and liners, donated by Naturally Cozy (a $185 retail value),
  4. Two Super Survival Pack seed collections, a $150 value, courtesy of Seed for Security, LLC,
  5. Mayflower Trading is donating a $200 gift certificate for homesteading appliances,
  6. APEX Gun Parts is donating a $250 purchase credit,
  7. Montie Gear is donating a Precision Rest (a $249 value), and
  8. Two 1,000-foot spools of full mil-spec U.S.-made 750 paracord (in-stock colors only) from www.TOUGHGRID.com (a $240 value).

Round 60 ends on September 30th, so get busy writing and e-mail us your entry. Remember that there is a 1,500-word minimum, and that articles on practical “how to” skills for survival have an advantage in the judging.



The Thorough Planning and Orders Process- Part 1, By J.E.D.

After reading articles on this site and many other similar sites over the last few years, it has surprised me that no one has written about the planning process itself. I have read quite a few well written articles that have contained very good information about planning for tasks such as defending your home, bugging out, and other activities. In this article I would like to address the overall planning process that can be used for everyday life. During this piece, I will be throwing a lot of acronyms at you. My goal is to make this as easy to understand as possible. In the end, once the concept is understood it will surprise you how applicable this process is to everyday life.

This planning process comes from the U.S. military, specifically the US Marine Corps. The only reason I specifically state that is because that is my background. I understand that other services use this same method but each differs slightly. Depending on the service you were in or the time frame you served, there will be variations in the format and acronyms used. It’s not just combat units that use this; support units and businesses do, as well. There is nothing wrong with modifying the outline from what is presented here either. The whole point is to make life easier, to plan efficiently, and to not forget crucial items. So, please have fun with it and change it to your own specific needs. Just remember, if you change things, make sure everyone is on the same page.

When we talk about the planning process, we are looking at two distinct things. First is the acronym BAMCIS (pronounced BAM-SIS), which stands Begin the planning, Arrange for reconnaissance, Make reconnaissance, Complete the plan, Issue the order, and Supervise. The second is the operation order. We use the acronym OSMEAC to remember how to construct the operation order. Orientation, Situation, Mission, Execution, Administration and Logistics, and Command and Signal. BAMCIS is a decision-making cycle where the operation order is the information gathered from BAMCIS. Let’s look at it all put together in an outline form.

  • Begin the planning.
  • Arrange for reconnaissance.
  • Make reconnaissance.
  • Complete the plan.
  • Issue orders.
    • Orientation
    • Situation
    • Mission
    • Execution
    • Administration and Logistics
    • Command and Signal
  • Supervise.

Now there is much more that goes into the planning and orders process, but I like to start “zoomed out” and get that wide-angled look before jumping in. Using BAMCIS properly allows us to organize our thoughts, notes, current information, and unknowns into a workable, easy-to-read and easy-to-disseminate order for team members or others. You know how you want something done, because you’re the one who thought of the plan, but in reality when there are many moving parts, not everyone will be on the same page. To mitigate that and reduce the possibility of confusion, we use the BAMCIS process to come up with a written order, which tells everyone exactly what they should be doing and what should be accomplished as the end result. That written order is the Operations Order, which goes by a few other names as well. Some call it a 5 Paragraph Order, Combat Order, or OSMEAC. So that we are speaking the same language, that written order will be referred to as the Operations Order. Then, and most importantly, we supervise the whole process to make sure it is being done properly.

As stated above BAMCIS is part of the decision-making process. We use the OODA loop process thousands of times per day, and you probably don’t even know it. OODA stands for Observe, Orient, Decide, and Act. The loop part of it means it’s just a constant process or on a loop that never ends. As an example: You are shopping at the grocery store when you observe an unsavory looking character walking in the door. You then orient yourself and your brain power to that person. All that brainpower is working to decide what to do next and how to proceed. Then you act on that decision. So we are just taking this normal everyday human function and assembling it in a way we can write it down and express it to others i.e. BAMCIS. So let’s start breaking down BAMCIS.

1. Begin the planning: This is where it all starts. So you have a problem or issue you are trying to solve, and now your brain needs to start working. During this stage you come up with a preliminary plan that will most likely change. You need to start thinking about the terrain you will be operating in, the weather and time of year, and also the friendly and enemy situation. You are going to identify one or more actions that could be taken and the costs involved, as well as resources needed and inclusion of the right people. Before we get started with our planning, we need to design a timeline to follow, but our timeline should be written in reverse. By planning our timeline in reverse we are able to maximize our use of time allotted, and ensure our subordinates have plenty of time to plan and prepare as well.

Now let’s look at a few more acronyms that will help the planning process. Look at these as questions that need an answer. The answer will help you decide on a plan and make the orders writing process much easier.

  • Mission
  • Enemy
    • SALUTE (Size, Activity, Location, Unit, Time, Equipment)
    • DRAW-D (Defend, Reinforce, Attack, Withdraw, Delay)
    • EMPCOA (Enemy’s Most Probable Course of Action)
  • Terrain and Weather
    • KOCOA-W (Key terrain, Observation & Fields of Fire, Cover & Concealment, Obstacles, Avenues of Approach, Weather)
  • Troops and Support Available
  • Time

The acronyms SALUTE, DRAW-D, EMLCOA, and KOCOA-W are going to be used to answer information for METT-T. METT-T is a valuable tool in this whole process.

  • Mission: Here we need a good understanding of the actual mission. We need to identify what is required to accomplish the mission successfully, safely, and efficiently. Other things to think about and understand are our limitations. Do we have any restrictions, rules of engagement, or something specific limiting us?
  • Enemy: The whole purpose in this subparagraph is to understand the enemy’s most probable course of action. What is the enemy most likely going to do? If left to their own devices, what will they do? If I interfere in some way, what will be their reaction? Luckily, we have ways of figuring this stuff out, and this is how we do it.
    • SALUTE: Is going to tell us about their composition, disposition, and strength. We are going to fill in the blanks about what we know of them so far. We’ll consider their size. Are they a team (2 to 4 men), a squad (10 to 14), or a platoon (30 to 40)? What’s their activity. What are they doing? Are they hanging out drinking warm beer, digging fighting holes, cleaning guns, or standing guard? What’s their location? They’re at grid 1234 5678, intersection of SR 42 and Hwy 60, 10 miles North of Fake Town on Jagged Mountain, and they’re a unit with the 22nd Infantry Platoon, 307th Fake Name Battalion, or something that identifies that specific group of people. If it’s unknown, describe them. What type of clothing are they wearing? As far as time, when was the last time they were seen at a particular location? When was the last time they were seen period? Try and put a time line together of their movements, as enemy pattern information is valuable. What kind of equipment do they have? Do they have trucks, armor, small arms, rockets, and/or dogs? Don’t just consider equipment of war but also think about life essential items like water tanks, shelter, food processing. Does it look like they can operate the equipment properly?

      What is their overall appearance? Are they well kept, professional looking, and confidant, or are they disheveled, ragged, tired, and malnourished? SALUTE can tell you a lot about your enemy, but it is just the basic information you need. The more facts you have, the better decisions you can make.

    • DRAW-D: Is going to help us make a decision on their capabilities and limitations. We need to know what the enemy can and cannot do to us. Are they going to defend the little gas station until the last man? Will they reinforce the checkpoint if we attack? Are they going to attack our position? If we probe their lines will they withdraw troops? Do they have the capabilities to delay our movements?

      It is important to understand the capabilities and limitations of the enemy. How do you acquire the knowledge needed? Reconnaissance, scouts, spies, prisoner’s, insider information, the list is endless, but we need good, accurate information. SALUTE is going to help you with some information for DRAW-D. Consider the same information under bad weather or at night. Do they have the capability to attack at night during heavy rain and wind?

    • Out of all the information gathered or thought about, you can come to a conclusion or two about the enemy’s most probable course of action. With that assumption, we are going to use that bit of information in the rest of our planning process. Once our reconnaissance is complete, our information might change completely or we might just have to tweak things a little.
  • Terrain and Weather: We should know the terrain and weather patterns in the area of operations like the back of our hands, or we should at least have a good understanding of them. If you are operating on your own turf it’s better. If not, you need to familiarize yourself very quickly. Here’s another acronym to help us remember key points.
    • KOCOA-W stands for Key Terrain, Observation and Fields of Fire, Cover and Concealment, Obstacles, Avenues of Approach, and Weather. We are going to break this one down a little further and discuss each one.
      • Key Terrain: Any location or area of land, water, or air that you believe is strategically or tactically important, your adversary probably does too, and that is key terrain. It could be that spring-fed pond with crystal clear clean water or the only pass through the mountain still left intact. Either way we need to seize, retain, or control that area. Remember, an area does not need to be occupied to be controlled. Example: If the only access to my mountain top retreat is a steep five mile gravel road, I don’t have to stand in the middle of the road to control it. I can position myself in a location where I can observe the road and engage if necessary.
      • Observation and Fields of Fire: Terrain is going to dictate what you can see and what your weapon system can hit. You need to figure out what can be seen from where and what can be hit from where. Example: I am on the roof of my house on my mountain top retreat; through my rifle scope I can see all five miles of that gravel road. My weapon’s capability can hit out to a mile, but my capability is only 800 yards. In order to keep eyes on the entire road, I need to trim trees a few times a year but make it look as natural as possible.
      • Cover and Concealment: First, we need to understand the difference between cover and concealment. Cover is something that will stop a projectile from striking you. Imagine hiding behind a thick, steel reinforced, concrete wall. Concealment is something that will prevent you from being seen but will not stop a projectile fired in your direction. From a cover and concealment aspect as it applies to a defensive position, it is best to have both cover and concealment to increase survivability and effectiveness. When digging fighting positions or planning for them, they must be reinforced with earth, sandbags, concrete, or any other material that is available. They must also be camouflaged in such a way as to make it difficult to be observed from both land and air.
      • Obstacles: You have seen them in the war movies, when landing on the beaches. You’ve seen those multi-point things called Czech Hedgehogs and then all the concertina wire running about. All of those things are obstacles. They are designed to delay, restrict, divert, or canalize movement. That little arm that comes down at the toll booth is designed to restrict entry, while the orange cones that road crews use are designed to divert traffic. Obstacles can be man-made or natural. You can build a fence around your property to canalize people to the gate. While a thick patch of palmettos is going to delay those approaching your wisely chosen camp site, a well thought out obstacle plan incorporates more than one type of obstacle. Example: I have a heavy-duty, reinforced, high fence around my property that is difficult to climb and diverts my enemy to an easier access point. That access point is a reinforced front gate with a steel pole behind it. That set up would not allow a vehicle to smash through, but someone can still climb over it. I have delayed, restricted, diverted, and canalized their movement to one area, which I can cover from a safe distance and location.
      • Avenues of Approach: This is any route to or from a chosen area, like your camp site in the woods. Avenues of approach allow for advance or withdraw and can be as small as a deer trail or as large as an Interstate Highway. Don’t discount waterways as avenues of approach. We consider waterways to be any body of water that can be navigated with watercraft of any type, or simply walked or swam across. Humans, much like lightning, follow the path of least resistance. Knowing this, we must be cautious of avenues of approach and pay particular attention to the guarding of them.
      • Weather: There are five military aspects of weather that we will be looking at: temperature and humidity, precipitation, wind, clouds, and visibility. Weather is an extremely important factor to think about when in the planning process. It affects people, equipment, weapon systems, electronics, vehicles, and terrain. If your defenses are set up incorrectly and you rely on electronics and technology alone, Mother Nature is sure to give you a spanking. If you have never felt 120°F heat with 95% humidity or get out of your sleeping bag in the morning covered in ice and snow, you need to try it out. See firsthand what effects it has on your body. Extreme temperatures in either direction drain the body of energy; just trying to stay cool or warm is a job in itself. For precision shooters, weather extremes can change you’re DOPE, and extreme cold will drain your electronics batteries faster than normal. Extreme heat can overheat slow-moving or idling vehicles. Rain or melting snow can turn foot paths to mushy mud, which is strenuous to walk in. If navigating flooded river systems, it’s difficult to find good spots to spend the night. High winds become difficult to shoot in and can cause damage to your home, structures, and possibly make roads impassable by vehicles. Thick fog can be hazardous to convoys or foot patrols due to decreased visibility. However, all of the same applies to your enemy as well, so take advantage.
      • Troops and Support Available: This is another really important item to consider. Yes, we are talking numbers here. How many people do we have for this mission, and do we have any non-organic support (outside help). We also need to consider and think really hard on this next question. What is the mental and physical shape of our team? What type of training do they possess, and what is the condition of their equipment?
      • Time: We are going to take into account all previous items we discussed here to come up with a timeline. Proper use of time for planning is crucial. We need to use time properly for planning and plan for the use of time. Consider critical times like movement to or from an objective, departure times, and reconnaissance, give yourself plenty of leeway to adjust your timeline left or right. As we all know we can plan the perfect plan, but once in the execution phase Mr. Murphy likes to grace us with his presence.


Letter Re: The 20% Solution, by Redoubting Thomas

Hi Hugh,

Regarding Redoubting Thomas’ article, in Missouri, we have more Amish than any state west of the Mississippi, not to mention a whole lot of Mennonites. It is true that they are good neighbors, and they do rely on “English” neighbors for a great deal, but I can’t imagine them ever wanting manual labor from an “English”. On the contrary, growing up in large families of 5 to 12 children without modern conveniences means that they can outwork most non-Amish with one hand tied behind their back. They do, however, provide excellent labor for someone establishing a new homestead and for a fair price. Around here, they work all kinds of construction jobs, including concrete, framing, sawmilling (by horsepower), and even putting up windmills to pump water. They have worked on fences and barns for my family and even gave us money back without being asked simply because they finished a job too quickly, and so believed they had overbid.

If you decide to live near the Amish, they highly value “English” that have the ability to bale hay after they cut and rake it. They also rely on outside help for nearly all communications and long-distance or emergency travel. Around here, they hire full-time drivers. Finally, in a SHTF scenario, they would rely on non-Amish for security. Most are extremely non-violent, though lately some will privately express the willingness to defend their families if necessary. While they do own hunting rifles, they would certainly make good partners with non-Amish with security skills and the willingness to use them. – J.M.